Invasion
Invasion Description
1st Record: Vaasa/Finland/Gulf of Bothnia (1933, Gislen 1950)
Geographic Extent
Vaasa/Finland/Gulf of Bothnia (1933, Gislen 1950); Hudiksvall/Sweden/Gulf of Bothnia (1947, Gislen 1950)
Vectors
Level | Vector |
---|---|
Alternate | Hull Fouling |
Alternate | Natural Dispersal |
Alternate | Ballast Water |
Regional Impacts
Economic Impact | Industry | |
In the Baltic Sea, where it is the only barnacle species present, A. improvisus is reported to contribute to hull fouling of ships and the fouling of power plants (Vuorinen et al. 1986). Costs of fouling of powerplants in Swedish waters were estimated at 10-38 SK (=1.5-5.5 million dollars) per year (Gren et al. 2009). | ||
Economic Impact | Shipping/Boating | |
In the Baltic Sea, where it is the only barnacle species present, A. improvisus is reported to contribute #to hull fouling of ships and the fouling of power plants (Vuorinen et al. 1986). Fouling of commercial vessels was estimated at 33-49 SK, equal to 5-7 million dollars, per year, for a total cost of 23-56 million dollars per year (Gren et al. 2009). Costs of fouling of recreational boats in Swedish waters, due to A. improvisus, were estimated at 122-331 million Swedish kroner, SK, equal to 8-49 million dollars, per year. | ||
Ecological Impact | Habitat Change | |
In the Gulf of Bothnia , A. improvisus was classified as having some habitat impacts, by fouling eelgrass and algae (Bostrom and Bonsdorff 1997; Raberg and Kautsky 2007, cited by Zaiko et al. 2011). | ||