Invasion
Invasion Description
1st Record: Turku/Finland/Gulf of Bothnia, Aura River (1868, Leppakoski and Olenin 2000)
Geographic Extent
Turku/Finland/Gulf of Bothnia, Aura River (1868, Leppakoski and Olenin 2000); Vaddo/Sweden/Aland Hav (1918, Gislen 1950); Uusikaupunki/Finland/Gulf of Bothnia (Furman 1989); Geta (Alands Island)/Finland/Gulf of Bothnia (Furman 1989)
Vectors
| Level | Vector |
|---|---|
| Probable | Hull Fouling |
Regional Impacts
| Economic Impact | Industry | |
| In the Baltic Sea, where it is the only barnacle species present, A. improvisus is reported to contribute to hull fouling of ships and the fouling of power plants (Vuorinen et al. 1986). Costs of fouling of powerplants in Swedish waters were estimated at 10-38 SK (=1.5-5.5 million dollars) per year (Gren et al. 2009). | ||
| Economic Impact | Shipping/Boating | |
| In the Baltic Sea, where it is the only barnacle species present, A. improvisus is reported to contribute to hull fouling of ships and the fouling of power plants (Vuorinen et al. 1986). Costs of fouling of recreational boats in Swedish waters, due to A. improvisus, were estimated at 122-331 million Swedish kroner, SK, equal to 8-49 million dollars, per year. Fouling of commercial vessels was estimated at 33-49 SK, equal to 5-7 million dollars, per year, for a total cost of 23-56 million dollars per year (Gren et al. 2009). | ||