Balanus glandula

Invasion History

First Non-native North American Tidal Record:
First Non-native West Coast Tidal Record:
First Non-native East/Gulf Coast Tidal Record:

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General Invasion History:

None

North American Invasion History:

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Description

None

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Taxonomy

Ecology

Food:

Phtoplankton, zooplankton, detritus

Trophic Status:

Suspension Feeder

SusFed

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Habitats

General Habitat	Rocky	None
General Habitat	Marinas & Docks	None
General Habitat	Coarse Woody Debris	None
General Habitat	Vessel Hull	None
General Habitat	Oyster Reef	None
Salinity Range	Polyhaline	18-30 PSU
Salinity Range	Euhaline	30-40 PSU
Salinity Range	Hyperhaline	40+ PSU
Tidal Range	High Intertidal	None
Tidal Range	Mid Intertidal	None
Vertical Habitat	Epibenthic	None

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Tolerances and Life History Parameters

Minimum Temperature (ºC)	-2	Based on geographical range
Maximum Temperature (ºC)	35	Cessation of protein synthesis, approximate limiting temperature on intertidal rocks (Harley and Helmuth 2003)
Minimum Salinity (‰)	14	Barnacles tolerate fresh water of 72+ hrs, but feeding stops below 18 ppt (Bergen 1968) for an open coast population and 04 ppt for an estuarine population (Berger et al. 2006). Juvenile barnacles survived for 20 days at 14 ppt (Bergen et al. 2008)
Maximum Salinity (‰)	70	Active feeding up to 70 ppt- barnacles tolerate up to 105 ppt for 72+ hrs, but remained closed (Bergen 1968)
Minimum Reproductive Temperature	9	Miniumum temperature for reproduction, field, California, probably lower further north (Pfeffer-Hoyt and McManus 2005)
Maximum Reproductive Temperature	17	Maximmum temperature for reproduction, field, California, probably lower (Pfeffer-Hoyt and McManus 2005)
Minimum Reproductive Salinity	18	Embryos tolerate this salinty.(Bergen 1968)
Maximum Reproductive Salinity	70	Embryos tolerate this salinty (Bergen 1968)
Minimum Duration	12	Lab development (15 C Brown and Roughgarden 1985; shortest time in model, Pfeffer-Hoyt and McManus 1995)
Maximum Duration	50	Longest time in model, 9 C, low food, longest time in model, Pfeffer-Hoyt and McManaus 1995)
Broad Temperature Range	None	Cold temperate-Warm temeprate
Broad Salinity Range	None	Polyhaline-Euhaline

General Impacts

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Regional Impacts

WA-IV	None		Ecological Impact	Habitat Change
The abundance of the native periwinkle Afrolittorina africana is strongly correlated with that of B. glandula, probably because the brancles provide shelter for the snails (Griffiths et al. 2011). The replacement of Mytlilus galloprovincialis by B. glandula led to a decrease in habitat complexity in the upper intertidal zone (Sadchatheeswaran and Branch 2015).
WA-IV	None		Ecological Impact	Competition
The invasion of Balanus glandula was accompanied by a decline of Mytlilus galloprovincialis in the upper intertidal (Sadchatheeswaran and Branch 2015).
SA-I	None		Ecological Impact	Habitat Change
Balanus glandula, settling on the roots of Spartina alterniflora, create masses barncles which provide substrate and hiding places for a wide range of invertebrates (Mendez et al. 2015).

References

Ashton, G. V.; Davidson, I. C.; Geller, J.; Ruiz, G. M. (2016) Disentangling the biogeography of ship biofouling: barnacles in the Northeast Pacific, Global Ecology and Biogeography 25: 739;750

Bergen, Mary (1968) The salinity tolerance limits of the adults and early-stage embryos of Balanus glandula Darwin, 1854 (Cirripedia, Thoracica)., Crustaceana 15: 229-234

Bowman, T. E., Bruce, N. L., Standing, J. D. (1981) Recent introduction of the cirolanid isopod crustacean Cirolana arcuata into San Francisco Bay, Journal of Crustacean Biology 1(4): 545-557

Brown, Stephen K: Roughgarden, Jonathan (1985) Growth, morphology, and laboratory culture of larvae of Balanus glandula (Cirripedia: Thoracica), Journal of Crustacean Biology 5(4): 574-590

Carlton, James T.; Newman, William A.; Pitombo, Fábio Bettini (2011) In the wrong place- Alien marine crustaceans: Distribution, biology, impacts, Springer, Dordrecht. Pp. 159-213

Elías, Rodolfo; Vallarino, Eduardo Alberto (2001) The introduced barnacle Balanus glandula (Darwin) in the Mar del Plata port as a structuring species in the intertidal community., Investigaciones Marinas 29(1): 37-46

Fisheries and Oceans Canada 2018a Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX) of Oysters. https://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/science/aah-saa/diseases-maladies/hapneloy-eng.html



Geller, Jonathan; Sotka, Erik E.; Kado, Ryusuke; Palumbi, Stephen R. Schwindt, Evangelina (2008) Sources of invasions of a northeastern Pacific acorn barnacle, Balanus glandula, in Japan and Argentina., Marine Ecologiy Progress Series 358: 211-218

Griffiths, Charles L.; Robinson, Tamara B.; Mead, Angela (2009) Biological Invasions in Marine Ecosystems., Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg. Pp. <missing location>

Griffiths, Charles, Robinson, Tamara; Mead, Angela (2011) In the wrong place- Alien marine crustaceans: Distribution, biology, impacts, Springer, Dordrecht, Netherlands. Pp. 269-282

Harley, Christopher D. G.; Helmuth, Brian S. T. (2003) Local- and regional-scale effects of wave exposure, thermal stress, and absolute versus effective shore level on patterns of intertidal zonation., Limnology and Oceanography 48(4): 1498-1508

Haupt, T. M.; Griffiths, C. L.; Robinson, T. B.;Tonin, A. F. G. (2010) Oysters as vectors of marine aliens, with notes on four introduced species associated with oyster farming in South Africa, African Zoology 45: 52-62

Hines, Anson H. (1978) Reproduction in three species of intertidal barnacles from central California., Biological Bulletin 154: 262-281

Kado, Ryusuke (2003) Invasion of Japanese shores by the NE Pacific barnacles Balanus glandula and its ecological and biogeographical impact., Marine Ecology Progress Series 249: 199-206

Kado, Ryusuke; Nanba, Nobuyoshi (2006) Assessment and Control of Biological Invasion Risks., Shoukadoh Book Sellers and IUCN, Kyoto and Gland, Switzerland. Pp. <missing location>

Kattler, Kiara R.; Watkins, Hannah V.; Perretta, Katrina‑Nicole; Gray, Côté, Amanda R.; Isabelle M. (2023) Biotic resistance on muddy shores? Native epibiotic barnacles impose costs on non‑native snails, None <missing volume>: Published online
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-023-03239-5

Laird, M. C.; Griffiths, C. L. (2008) Present distribution and abundance of the introduced barnacle Balanus glandula Darwin in South Africa., African Journal of Marine Science 30(1): 93-100

Laubenheimer, Helio; Rhyne, Andrew L. (2010) Lysmata rauli, a new species of peppermint shrimp, (Decapoda: Hippolytidae) from the southwestern Atlantic*, Zootaxa 2372(1): 298–304
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2372.1.23

Lutaenko, Konstantin A.; Furota,Toshio; Nakayama, Satoko; Shin, Kyoungsoon; Xu, Jing (2013) <missing title>, Northwest Pacific Action Plan- Data and Information Network Regional Activity Center, Beijing, China. Pp. <missing location>

Mead, A.; Carlton, J. T.; Griffiths, C. L. Rius, M. (2011b) Introduced and cryptogenic marine and estuarine species of South Africa, Journal of Natural History 39-40: 2463-2524

Mendez, Maria M.; Schwindt, Evangelina; Bortolus, Alejandro (2015) Differential benthic community response to increased habitat complexity mediated by an invasive barnacle, Aquatic Ecology 49: 441-452

Mendez, Marýa M.; Schwindt, Evangelina; Bortolus, Alejandro (2013) Patterns of substrata use by the invasive acorn barnacle Balanus glandula in Patagonian salt marshes, Hydrobiologia 700: 99-107

Murray, Cathryn Clarke; Therriault, Thomas W.; Martone, Patrick T. (2012) Adapted for invasion? Comparing attachment, drag and dislodgment of native and nonindigenous hull fouling species, Biological Invasions <missing volume>: published online

Pfeiffer-Hoyt, Anna S.; McManus, Margaret A. (2005) Modeling the effects of environmental variability on Balanus glandula larval development., Journal of Plankton Research 27(12): 1211-1228

Pitombo, F. B. (2004) Phylogenetic analysis of the Balanidae (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha)., Zoologica Scripta 33(3): 261-276

Pope, Haley R.; Alexander, Mhairi E.; Robinson, Tamara B. (2016) Filtration, feeding behaviour and their implications for future spread: A comparison of an invasive and native barnacle in South Africa, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 479: 54-59

Rashidul Alam, A. K. M. And 5 authors (2014) Early phase of the invasion of Balanus glandula along the coast of Eastern Hokkaido: changes in abundance, distribution, and recruitment, Biological Invasions 16: 1699-1708

Rico, A.; Gappa, J. Lopez (2006) Intertidal and subtidal fouling assemblages in a Patagonian harbour (Argentina, southwest Atlantic), Hydrobiologia 563: 9-18

Robinson, Tamara B.; Pope, Haley R.; Hawken, Lara; Binneman, Carlene (2015) Predation-driven biotic resistance fails to restrict the spread of a sessile rocky shore invader, Marine Ecological Progress Series 522: 169-179

Sadchatheeswaran, Saachi; Branch, George M.; Robinson, Tamara B. (2015) Changes in habitat complexity resulting from sequential invasions of a rocky shore: implications for community structure, Biological Invasions 17: 1799-1816

Savoya, Verónica; Schwindt, Evangelina (2010) Effect of the substratum in the recruitment and survival of the introduced barnacle Balanus glandula (Darwin 1854) in Patagonia, Argentina, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 382: 125-130

Schwindt, Evangelina (2007) The invasion of the acorn barnacle Balanus glandula in the south-western Atlantic 40 years later., Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 87: 1219-1225

Schwindt, Evangelina and 15 authors (2014) Marine fouling invasions in ports of Patagonia (Argentina) with implications for legislation and monitoring programs, Marine Environmental Research 99: 60-68

Schwindt, Evangelina; Bortolus, Alejandro; Idaszkin, Yanina L.; Savoya; Veronica; Mendez, Maria M. (Pitu) (2009) Salt marsh colonization by a rocky shore invader: Balanus glandula Darwin (1854) spreads along the Patagonian coast., Biological Invasions 11: 1259-1265

Simon-Blecher, N.; Granevitsa, Z.; Archituv, Y. (2008) Balanus glandula: from north-west America to the west coast of South Africa., African Journal of Marine Science 30(1): 85-92

Sueiro, María Cruz; Schwindt, Evangelina; Mendez, María Martha (Pitu); Bortolus, Alejandro (2014) Interactions between ecosystem engineers: A native species indirectly facilitates a non-native one, Acta Oecologica 51: 11-16

Vallarino, E. A., Elias, R. (1997) The dynamics of an introduced Balanus glandula population in the southwestern Atlantic Rocky shores. The consequences on the intertidal community, Marine Ecology 18(4): 319-335

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