Cecina manchurica

Invasion History

First Non-native North American Tidal Record: 1961
First Non-native West Coast Tidal Record: 1961
First Non-native East/Gulf Coast Tidal Record:

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General Invasion History:

Cecina manchurica is native to the Northwest Pacific from the southern Kurile Islands, to the adjacent Russian coast of the Sea of Japan and Kyushu, Japan (Adams 1864; Golikov et al. 1976). It has been introduced to Washington State and southern British Columbia, most likely with Pacific Oysters from Japan (Morrison 1963; Carlton 1979; Carlton 1992; Forsyth 2003).

North American Invasion History:

Invasion History on the West Coast:

Cecina manchurica was first discovered in North America in 1961, under logs and drift algae at the high-tide line in Chuckanut Bay, Washington (WA) (Morrison 1963). It was subsequently found in Birch Bay, WA (Duggan 1963, cited by Carlton 1979); Willapa Bay, WA (in 1963 and 1977; Hanna 1966; Carlton 1979); and Boundary Bay, British Columbia (Carlton 1992; Klinkenberg 2013). Habitats in which it has been found include piles of old oyster shells, salt marsh edges, logs, and drift piles of seaweed and seagrasses (Adams 1864; Morrison 1963; Golikov et al. 1976; Carlton 1979). A likely vector is transplantation of Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas); although not the oysters themselves, but the boxes, baskets, and racks used in shipping and rearing oysters. These are often stored on beaches, near oyster beds (Carlton 1979).

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Description

Cecina manchurica is a small, semi-terrestrial marine snail, which inhabits the upper intertidal zone of marshy and rocky shores. The shell is dextrally coiled, thin-walled and translucent. Adult shells have 3-4 whorls with deep sutures and a highly eroded spire, resulting in a lumpy, elongated-ovoid shape. The shell is marked by fine growth lines with a dark brown edge around the aperture. Shells grow up to 7.2 mm in length and about 3 mm in diameter. The border of the mouth is dark brown. Description from: Adams 1864; Golikov et al. 1976; Prozorova 2003.

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Taxonomy

Ecology

General:

Cecina manchurica, the Oriental Cecina, is a small, semi-terrestrial marine snail found in the upper intertidal zone of marshy and rocky shores under logs, seaweed, in piles of oyster shells, etc. (Adams 1864; Golikov et al. 1976). We have no information on the mode of reproduction of C. manchurica. It is found on poly-euhaline shores (Prozorova 2003), but in its upper-intertidal habitat it is probably frequently exposed to low salinity during rainfall, as well as a wide range of temperatures. Likely foods include bacteria, blue-green algae, diatoms, macroalgae, fungi, and the epithelial cells of vascular plants, similar to the diet of Myosotella myosotis (Berman and Carlton 1991).

Food:

Algae

Trophic Status:

Herbivore

Herb

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Habitats

General Habitat	Rocky	None
General Habitat	Coarse Woody Debris	None
General Habitat	Marinas & Docks	None
Salinity Range	Polyhaline	18-30 PSU
Salinity Range	Euhaline	30-40 PSU
Tidal Range	High Intertidal	None
Tidal Range	Supratidal	None
Vertical Habitat	Epibenthic	None

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Tolerances and Life History Parameters

Maximum Length (mm)	7.2	Golikov et al. 1976
Broad Temperature Range	None	Cold temperate-Warm temperate
Broad Salinity Range	None	Polyhaline-Euhaline

General Impacts

No impacts have been reported for Cecina manchurica in its introduced range.

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References

Abbott, R. Tucker (1974) American Seashells, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York. Pp. <missing location>

Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 2002-2024a Malacology Collection Search. <missing URL>



Adams, Arthur (1864) On some new genera and species of Mollusca from China and Japan, Annals and Magazine of Natural History 13(3): 299-309

Berman, Jody; Carlton, James T. (1991) Marine invasion processes: Interactions between native and introduced marsh snails, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 150(2): 267-281

Carlton, James T. (1979) History, biogeography, and ecology of the introduced marine and estuarine invertebrates of the Pacific Coast of North America., Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Davis. Pp. 1-904

Carlton, James T. (1992) Introduced marine and estuarine mollusks of North America: An end-of-the-20th-century perspective., Journal of Shellfish Research 11(2): 489-505

Collado-Vides, L. (2002) Morphological plasticity of Caulerpa prolifera (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta) in relation to growth form in a coral reef lagoon, Botanica Marina 45: 123-129

Forsyth, Robert G. (2003) Northern range extension for Assiminea translucens (Carpenter, 1864), Festivus 35(2): 17-18

Golikov, A. N. and 7 other editors. (1976) <missing title>, Nauk, Leningrad. Pp. <missing location>

Hanna, G. Dallas (1966) Introduced mollusks of Western North America, Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences 48: <missing location>

Klinkenberg, Brian 2010-2013 E-Fauna BC: Electronic Atlas of the Fauna of British Columbia. <missing URL>



Morrison, J. P. E. (1963) Cecina from the state of Washington, Nautilus 76(4): 150-151

Prozorova, L. A. (2003) Morphological features of supralittoral mollusks of the genus Cecina(Gastropoda: Pomatiopsidae) from Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan, Russian Journal of Marine Biology 29(1): 49-52

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