Invasion History

First Non-native North American Tidal Record:
First Non-native West Coast Tidal Record:
First Non-native East/Gulf Coast Tidal Record:

General Invasion History:

None

North American Invasion History:

Description

None

Taxonomy

Taxonomic Tree

Kingdom:		Animalia
Phylum:		Cnidaria
Class:		Hydrozoa
Subclass:		Hydroidolina
Order:		Anthoathecatae
Suborder:		Filifera
Family:		Eudendriidae
Genus:		Eudendrium
Species:		carneum

Synonyms

Eudendrium cunninghami (Kirkpatrick 1910, None)

Potentially Misidentified Species

Eudendrium ramosum
None

Ecology

General:

Eudendrium carneumhas a hydroid stage which frequently grows on rocks, concrete walls, artificial substrrates, vessel hulls, wrecks, and also has a planktonic medusa (Calder 1988; Kirkendale and Calder 2003; Linder and Migoot 2006; Oliveira and Marques 2006;)

Food:

Zooplaknton, epibenthos

Trophic Status:

Suspension Feeder

SusFed

Habitats

General Habitat	Grass Bed	None
General Habitat	Coarse Woody Debris	None
General Habitat	Unstructured Bottom	None
General Habitat	Oyster Reef	None
General Habitat	Marinas & Docks	None
General Habitat	Rocky	None
General Habitat	Coral reef	None
General Habitat	Vessel Hull	None
Salinity Range	Polyhaline	18-30 PSU
Salinity Range	Euhaline	30-40 PSU
Vertical Habitat	Epibenthic	None
Vertical Habitat	Planktonic	None

Tolerances and Life History Parameters

Minimum Salinity (‰)	20	Field, South Carolina (Calder 1976)
Maximum Salinity (‰)	34	Field, South Carolina (Calder 1976)
Broad Temperature Range	None	Cold temperate-Tropical
Broad Salinity Range	None	Polyhaline-Euhaline

General Impacts

Regional Impacts

SP-XIII	None	Ecological Impact	Competition
None
SP-XIII	None	Ecological Impact	Habitat Change
'It lives on rocky bottoms, where it forms a tangle of branches that tend to accumulate sediment, making it a fairly unattractive "weed" species' (Shine et al. 2003)
SP-XIII	None	Economic Impact	Aesthetic
'These masses of hydroid tend to make the rocky surfaces of the reef less visible, and tend to make the reef look 'dirty'. (Shine et al. 2003)

Regional Distribution Map

Bioregion	Region Name	Year	Invasion Status	Population Status
SP-XIII	None	1997	Def	Estab
CAR-III	None	0	Native	Estab
CAR-IV	None	0	Native	Estab
NA-ET3	Cape Cod to Cape Hatteras	1882	Native	Estab
NA-ET1	Gulf of St. Lawrence to Bay of Fundy	0	Native	Unk
CAR-I	Northern Yucatan, Gulf of Mexico, Florida Straits, to Middle Eastern Florida	0	Native	Estab
CAR-VII	Cape Hatteras to Mid-East Florida	0	Native	Estab
MED-II	None	1985	Def	Estab
MED-III	None	2000	Def	Estab
MED-VII	None	2000	Def	Estab
NA-ET2	Bay of Fundy to Cape Cod	0	Native	Unk
MED-V	None	1999	Def	Estab
SA-III	None	0	Native	Estab
SA-IV	None	0	Native	Estab
AUS-X	None	2001	Def	Estab
AUS-IV	None	1957	Def	Estab
NA-ET4	Bermuda	0	Native	Estab
SA-II	None	0	Native	Estab
NEP-VII	None	0	Crypto	Estab
NEP-VIII	None	0	Crypto	Estab
WA-V	None	1950	Def	Estab
NWP-3a	None	1975	Def	Estab
EA-IV	None	1954	Def	Estab
SP-XXI	None	1950	Def	Unk
MED-I	None	2007	Def	Estab
NEA-V	None	2007	Def	Estab
WA-IV	None	2013	Def	Estab
SP-XIII	None	2007	Def	Estab
PAN_CAR	Panama Caribbean Coast	0	Native	Estab

Occurrence Map

OCC_ID	Author	Year	Date	Locality	Status	Latitude	Longitude

References

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Eudendrium carneum

Cnidarians-Hydrozoans