Invasion
Invasion Description
1st Record: CA/ Humboldt Bay (1931USNM 113887, United States Museum of Natural History 2007; Iverson 1974; Carlton 1979)
Geographic Extent
Toledo/OR/Boone Slough, Yaquina Bay (2005, Davidson 2006); Coos Bay/OR/Isthmus Slough. Coos Bay (1995 Cohen and Carlton 1995); Coos Bay/OR/Haynes Inlet (1998, Davidson 2006); Coos Bay area/OR/Coos River (40 river miles from mouth, Davidson et al. 2006); Bayview/OR/South Slough (1999, Davidson 2006); CA/ Humboldt Bay (1931, USNM 113887, United States Museum of Natural History 2007; Iverson 1974Carlton 1979; Graening and Rogers 2013); CA/(Klopp Lake, Humboldt Bay (2000, Boyd et al. 2002); CA/Hookton Slough, Humboldt Bay (2000, Boyd et al. 2002); near Arcata/CA/Mad River Sloughs, Humboldt Bay;(2000, Boyd et al. 2002); near Arcata/CA/Jacoby Creek, Humboldt Bay (Boyd et al. 2002);
Vectors
| Level | Vector |
|---|---|
| Alternate | Hull Fouling |
| Alternate | Ballast Water |
Regional Impacts
| Economic Impact | Shipping/Boating | |
| In Coos Bay, burrowing by S. quoianum destroyed one floating dock with Styrofoam floats, and is damaging wooden pilings(Davidson 2006; Davidson 2008; Davidson 2012). Damage to plastic floats was extensive in Yaquina and Coos Bays, OR (Davidson 2012). | ||
| Ecological Impact | Habitat Change | |
| Burrowing by S. quoianum is accelerating erosion of marsh banks and sandstone terraces in Coos Bay, Oregon. Burrows were present at 75% of the sites surveyed within the Bay (Davidson 2006; Davidson 2008). Burrowed areas had rates of erosion that were 300% higher than those of adjacent unburrowed areas (Davidson and de Rivera 2010). Burrows in marsh peat were, on average, to 15X individual body volume, but only 2.5X body volume in wood. Individual impacts are smaller than those of some borers and burrowers, but high abundances can result in large population impacts (Davidson and de Rivera 2012). Boring by S. quoianum in plastic foam floats contributes to pollution by plastic particles, with adverse consequences to marine food webs (Davidson 2012). In experiments, the extent of burrowing (per amphipod) varies with temperature, greatly reduced below 10C, reaching a maximum between 15 and 20C, and declining at higher temperatures. Projected global warming is likely to increase erosive impacts of S. quoianum in Coos Bay by 15-38% (Davidson et al. 2013). | ||
| Economic Impact | Fisheries | |
| In Yaquina Bay OR, burrowing by S. quoianum riddled ~60 Styrofoam floats in a n oyste-rearing facility, requiring replacement and extensive repairs (Davidson 2012). | ||