Invasion
Invasion Description
1st Record: Maui/HI (1856, Cowie 1998).
Geographic Extent
Oahu/HI/Moanalua Stream (Englund et al. 2000, 15 PSU); Oahu/HI/Waialaenui Stream (Englund et al. 2000, 30 PSU), all main islands (Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai, Maui, and Hawaii (USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Program 2009)
Vectors
| Level | Vector |
|---|---|
| Alternate | Dry Ballast |
| Alternate | Fisheries Intentional |