Invasion
Invasion Description
1st Record: Maikaba Estuary, 30 km north of Port St Johns on the Pondoland (east) coast/South Africa/Indian Ocean (Blaber et al. 1975, cited by Mead et al. 2011)
Geographic Extent
Maikaba Estuary, 30 km north of Port St Johns on the Pondoland (east) coast/South Africa/Indian Ocean (Blaber et al. 1975, cited by Mead et al. 2011); South Africa/Kosi Bay, Indian Ocean (Mead et al. 2011); Seview to Cape Recife/South Africa/Indian Ocean (2014, Miranda et al. 2016, in stromatolite pools)
Vectors
| Level | Vector |
|---|---|
| Probable | Hull Fouling |
Regional Impacts
References
Mead, A.; Carlton, J. T.; Griffiths, C. L. Rius, M. (2011b) Introduced and cryptogenic marine and estuarine species of South Africa, Journal of Natural History 39-40: 2463-2524Miranda, Nelson A. F.; Kupriyanova, Elena K.; Rishworth, Gavin M.; Peer, Nasreen; Bornman, Thomas G.; Bird, Matthew S.; Perissinotto, Renzo (2016) An invasive polychaete species found in living marine stromatolites, Aquaitc Invasions 11: Published online