Invasion
Invasion Description
1st record: Luanda/Angola/Atlantic Ocean (Kirkegard 1959, cited by Zibrowius 1971; Pestana et al. 2017)
Geographic Extent
Luanda/Angola/Atlantic Ocean (Kirkegard 1959, cited by Zibrowius 1971; Pestana et al. 2017); Cape Town/South Africa/Table Bay (Atlantic Ocean) (1970, Mead et al. 2011)
Vectors
| Level | Vector |
|---|---|
| Alternate | Ballast Water |
| Alternate | Hull Fouling |