Invasion
Invasion Description
1st Estuarine Record: Oahu/HI/Pearl Harbor (1973, Coles et al. 1999) 1st Watershed Record: Imported and cultivated in 1951 on Oahu, stocked on all the islands (Randall 1987; Lever 1996)
Geographic Extent
"all the main islands"/HI/"reservoirs, dams, streams, estuaries" (Lever 1996); Hawaii/HI/Aimakapa wetland (2009, MacKenzie and Bruland 2012, 12.7 PSU); Hawaii/HI/Waipio wetland (2009, MacKenzie and Bruland 2012, 0.1 PSU); Kauai/HI/Kawaiele wetland (2009, MacKenzie and Bruland 2012, 8.9 PSU); Kauai/HI/Lawai Kai wetland (2009, MacKenzie and Bruland 2012, 6.6 PSU);, Maui/HI/Kanaha wetland (2009, MacKenzie and Bruland 2012, 5.5 PSU); Molokai/HI/Koheo wetland (2009, MacKenzie and Bruland 2012, 61.0 PSU); Molokai/HI/Ohiapilo wetland (2009, MacKenzie and Bruland 2012, 36.9 PSU); Oahu/HI/Pouhala wetland (2009, MacKenzie and Bruland 2012, 101.7 PSU); Oahu/HI/Punamano wetland (2009, MacKenzie and Bruland 2012, 0.5 PSU); Oahu/HI/Waimea wetland (2009, MacKenzie and Bruland 2012, 3.3 PSU); Hawaiian Island/HI/anchiahaline ponds (Marrack 2016)
Vectors
| Level | Vector |
|---|---|
| Alternate | Biocontrol |
| Alternate | Fisheries Intentional |
Regional Impacts
| Ecological Impact | Competition | |
| Oreochromis mossamibicus is suspected of competing for food (soft algae and detritus) with Mugil cephalus (Striped Mullet) (Randall 1987). | ||