Invasion
Invasion Description
1st record: San Francisco/CA/San Francisco Bay (as Parypha microcephala, Agassiz 1865, cited by Carlton 1979)
Geographic Extent
San Francisco/CA/San Francisco Bay (as Parypha microcephala, Agassiz 1865, cited by Carlton 1979); San Francisco/CA/San Francisco Bay; Treasure Island Dock, San Francisco/CA/San Francisco Bay (Ruiz et al., unpublished data); Pier 39, San Francisco/CA/San Francisco Bay (2004, Cohen et al. 2005); Pete's Harbor/CA/South San Francisco Bay (2004, Cohen et al. 2005); Rodeo Marina/CA/San Pablo Bay (2004, Cohen et al. 2005); Hunters Point, San Francisco/CA/San Francisco Bay (Ruiz et al., unpublished data); Dumbarton Swing (Railway) Bridge, San Francisco/CA/San Francisco Bay (Ruiz et al., unpublished data); Berkeley Fishing Pier, Berkeley/CA/San Francisco Bay (Ruiz et al., unpublished data); Port of Richmond Terminal 4, Richmond/CA/San Francisco Bay (Ruiz et al., unpublished data); Port of Oakland, Oakland/CA/San Francisco Bay (Ruiz et al., unpublished data); Romberg Tiburon Center, Tiburon/CA/San Francisco Bay (Ruiz et al., unpublished data); Port of San Francisco Pier 50/CA/San Francisco Bay (Ruiz et al., unpublished data); Port of San Francisco Pier 23/CA/San Francisco Bay (Ruiz et al., unpublished data); Port of San Francisco Pier 96/CA/San Francisco Bay (Ruiz et al., unpublished data); South Hampton Shoal, San Francisco/CA/San Francisco Bay (Ruiz et al., unpublished data)
Vectors
| Level | Vector |
|---|---|
| Probable | Hull Fouling |
Regional Impacts
| Ecological Impact | Competition | |
| Ectopleura crocea was a dominant form on fouling plates in San Francisco Bay in late summer and fall, occupying up to 60% of the plates' surface, reaching a peak in October (Okamura 1986). | ||
| Ecological Impact | Habitat Change | |
| The degenerating stalks of Ectopleura crocea provided a filamentous surface for metamorphosing larvae of Mytilus spp. on fouling plates in San Francisco Bay in winter, facilitating the establishment of dense populations in spring (Okamura 1986). | ||