Invasion
Invasion Description
1st Record: Smuttynose Island, Isles of Shoals/ME/Gulf of Maine (Hehre 1968; Hehre and Mathieson 1970, cited by Mathieson 2008, gametophytes,);
Geographic Extent
Smuttynose Island, Isles of Shoals/ME/Gulf of Maine (Hehre 1968; Hehre and Mathieson 1970, cited by Mathieson 2008, gametophytes,);; Star Island (Isles of Shoals)/NH/Gulf of Maine (Matheison et al. 1996)
Vectors
| Level | Vector |
|---|---|
| Alternate | Ballast Water |
| Alternate | Hull Fouling |
Regional Impacts
| Ecological Impact | Habitat Change | |
| Around the Isles of Shoals, NH-ME, from the 1979 to 2015, there has been a trend of replacement of kelps and other larger brown seaweeds, by smaller, bushier red seaweeds (Bonnemaisonia hamifera, Dasysiphonia japonica, and Neosiphonia spp.) and Codium fragile, increasing the structural complexity of the environment, and the abundance and diversity of meso-sized invertebrates (Dijkstra et al. 2017). | ||