Species Regional Summary
Botrylloides violaceus
None ( NEA-II )

Invasion History Vectors Impacts References

Invasion

Invasion Description

1st record: Beskens/Netherlands/Western Scheldt Estuary (2000, Gittenberger 2007)

Geographic Extent

Kirkwall Marina, Mainland/Scotland/North Sea (2012, Nall et al. 2014); Cromarty/Scotland/North Sea (2012, Nall et al. 2014); Beskens/Netherlands/Western Scheldt Estuary; Neyland Marina 2000, Faasse2006; Gittenberger 2007); Exmouth/England/English Channel (2004, Arenas et al. 2006); Weymouth, England/English Channel (2006, Bishop et al. 2015); Gosport/England/English Channel (2004, Arenas et al. 2006); Poole/England/English Channel (2004, Arenas et al. 2006); 4 marinas/East Anglia, English Channe; (Wood et al. 2016); Portsmouth/England/English Channel (2009, Bishop et al. 2015); 1 marina, Lancashire/England/Irish Sea (2015, Wood et al. 2016); Milford Haven/Wales/Irish Sea (2005, MarLin 2006); http://www.marlin.ac.uk/rml/sightings_verif.php?sp=Botrylloides%20violaceus&spid=703&phy=Chordata; Malahide Marina/Ireland/Irish Sea (2006, Minchin et al. 2007);; Ireland/Carlingford Lough toCork/Irish Sea (2021, O'Shaughnessy et al. 2023);  Carlingford Marina/Ireland/Irish Sea (2006, Minchin et al. 2007); Zeebrugge/Belgium/North Sea (2004, Kerkhof et al. 2007); Oostende/Belgium/North Sea (2004, Kerkhof et al. 2007); 'virtually all the harbours of the islands'/Netherlands/Wadden Sea (2009, Gittenberger et al. 2010); Holyhead/Wales/Irish Sea (2017, Holman et al. 2019, 53.309, -4.633);

Vectors

Level Vector
Probable Hull Fouling

Regional Impacts

Ecological ImpactCompetition
Botrylloides violaceus appeared to compete and outgrow Botryllus schlosseri on fouling plates in some Netherlands estuaries, where salinity was above 30 PSU, but was rare or absent in estuaries with lower salinities (14-29 PSU) (Gittenberger and Moons 2011).
 
Economic ImpactShipping/Boating
Fouling impacts fave been reported for the British Isles (Minchin et al. 2013).
 

References

Full Reference List for Botrylloides violaceus

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