Invasion
Invasion Description
1st record: Beskens/Netherlands/Western Scheldt Estuary (2000, Gittenberger 2007)
Geographic Extent
Kirkwall Marina, Mainland/Scotland/North Sea (2012, Nall et al. 2014); Cromarty/Scotland/North Sea (2012, Nall et al. 2014); Beskens/Netherlands/Western Scheldt Estuary; Neyland Marina 2000, Faasse2006; Gittenberger 2007); Exmouth/England/English Channel (2004, Arenas et al. 2006); Weymouth, England/English Channel (2006, Bishop et al. 2015); Gosport/England/English Channel (2004, Arenas et al. 2006); Poole/England/English Channel (2004, Arenas et al. 2006); 4 marinas/East Anglia, English Channe; (Wood et al. 2016); Portsmouth/England/English Channel (2009, Bishop et al. 2015); 1 marina, Lancashire/England/Irish Sea (2015, Wood et al. 2016); Milford Haven/Wales/Irish Sea (2005, MarLin 2006); http://www.marlin.ac.uk/rml/sightings_verif.php?sp=Botrylloides%20violaceus&spid=703&phy=Chordata; Malahide Marina/Ireland/Irish Sea (2006, Minchin et al. 2007);; Ireland/Carlingford Lough toCork/Irish Sea (2021, O'Shaughnessy et al. 2023); Carlingford Marina/Ireland/Irish Sea (2006, Minchin et al. 2007); Zeebrugge/Belgium/North Sea (2004, Kerkhof et al. 2007); Oostende/Belgium/North Sea (2004, Kerkhof et al. 2007); 'virtually all the harbours of the islands'/Netherlands/Wadden Sea (2009, Gittenberger et al. 2010); Holyhead/Wales/Irish Sea (2017, Holman et al. 2019, 53.309, -4.633);
Vectors
Level | Vector |
---|---|
Probable | Hull Fouling |
Regional Impacts
Ecological Impact | Competition | |
Botrylloides violaceus appeared to compete and outgrow Botryllus schlosseri on fouling plates in some Netherlands estuaries, where salinity was above 30 PSU, but was rare or absent in estuaries with lower salinities (14-29 PSU) (Gittenberger and Moons 2011). | ||
Economic Impact | Shipping/Boating | |
Fouling impacts fave been reported for the British Isles (Minchin et al. 2013). | ||