Dendostrea folium

Overview

Scientific Name: Dendostrea folium

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Bivalvia

Order: Ostreida

Family: Ostreidae

Genus: Dendostrea

Species:

folium ( = Dendostrea affinis), synonymized with Ostrea folium [Describe here as A. iricolor]

Native Distribution

Origin Realm:

Western Indo-Pacific, Central Indo-Pacific, Temperate Australasia, Temperate Northern Pacific

Native Region:

Origin Location:

Temperate Northern Pacific East China Sea; Taiwan to Kii Penisula, Japan (Lam & Morton 2009) STATUS NOT STATED [Japan] Mishima, Japan Sea. (Fukuda et al. 1992, cited in Inaba 2004) STATUS NOT STATED Kii Peninsula and southwards to tropical Indo-West Pacific. (Okutani ed. 1991) STATUS NOT STATED [Japan] North to south coast of Wakayama Prefecture. (Inaba 1981) STATUS NOT STATED [As Ostrea folium (Synonymized taxon)] Wakayama, Kii Peniusula, Japan. (Dunker 1882 and etc., cited in Inaba 2004) STATUS NOT STATED [As Dendostrea folia (Synonymized taxon)] Mie Prefecturte to Kyushu along the Pacific coast. East China Sea, West coast of Kyushu to Ryukyu Islands (Higo et al. 1999) STATUS NOT STATED Western Indo-Pacific Pulau Langkawi, Malaysia (Lam & Morton 2009) STATUS NOT STATED [As Ostrea affinis (Synonymized taxon)] Diego Garcia, Chagos Island, near Mauritius, Indian Ocean. (Inaba 2004) STATUS NOT STATED [As Lopha folium (Synonymized taxon)] Farsan Island, Red Sea. (Carter 1968, cited in Inaba 2004) STATUS NOT STATED Central Indo-Pacific Northern Beibu Gulf, South China Sea (Yan et al. 2006) STATUS NOT STATED Western Australia: Montebello Islands, Dampier Archipelago (Wells et al. 2000) STATUS NOT STATED Semakau Island, near Singapore (Tan & Yeo 2010) STATUS NOT STATED [As Ostrea folium (Synonymized taxon)] Amboina, Indonesia. (Linaeus 1785 and etc., cited in Inaba 2004) STATUS NOT STATED The Philippines; South China Sea; Hainan (Lam & Morton 2009) STATUS NOT STATED [As Ostrea affinis (Synonymized taxon)] Cebu Island, Philippines. (Hidalgo 1905, cited in Inaba 2004) STATUS NOT STATED Kii Peninsula and southwards to tropical Indo-West Pacific. (Okutani ed. 1991) STATUS NOT STATED [China] Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan Provinces. (Zhongyan ed. 2004) STATUS NOT STATED Kau Sai Bay, Hong Kong. (Shin et al. 2012) STATUS NOT STATED Hong Kong. (Lam & Morton 2004) STATUS NOT STATED [As Dendostrea folia (Synonymized taxon)] West coast of Kyushu to Ryukyu Islands, South China Sea, Hong Kong, Hainan, Philippines (Higo et al. 1999) STATUS NOT STATED [Australia] Queensland to northern Australia. (Lamprell & Healy 1998) STATUS NOT STATED [As Ostrea imbricata (Synonymized taxon)] Port Denison, Queensland, Australia. (Cox 1883, cited in Inaba 2004) STATUS NOT STATED [As Ostrea bresia (Synonymized taxon)] Seaforth, North of Mackay, Queensland, Australia. (Iredale 1939, cited in Inaba 2004) STATUS NOT STATED Temperate Australasia Southern Queensland, Australia (Palmer & Rutherford 2002) STATUS NOT STATED [As Ostrea circumsuta (Synonymized taxon)] Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. (Saville-Kent, 1891, cited in Inaba 2004) STATUS NOT STATED Uncertain realm Indo-Pacific (Bitar 2014) STATED Indo-West Pacific; Australia; Taiwan (Lam & Morton 2009) STATUS NOT STATED Kii Peninsula and southwards to tropical Indo-West Pacific. (Okutani ed. 1991) STATUS NOT STATED [Formosa] (Inaba 1981) STATUS NOT STATED [As Ostrea dubia (Synonymized taxon)] Formosa. (Inaba 2004) STATUS NOT STATED Australia and Indo-Pacific. (Higo et al. 1999) STATUS NOT STATED

Geographic Range:

Australia up to Japan (Lam & Morton 2009) Geographic range: -44.1000022888184, 152.900009155273 29.6000003814697 (Ocean Biogeographic Information System 2016) [China] Kau Sai Bay, Hong Kong: 22º21’N, 114º19’E. (Shin et al. 2012)

General Diversity:

NF

Non-native Distribution

Invasion History:

Yes in Lebanon (Bitar 2014, Crocetta et al. 2012) No records of invasion (Global Invasive Species Database 2016)

Non-native Region:

Mediterranean Sea

Invasion Propens:

Temperate Northern Atlantic Lebanon: first recorded 2012; most probable vector is through alien spreading via Suez Canal; established (Crocetta et al. 2012) *Alien and established Lebanese coast: reached through the Suez Canal (Bitar 2014)

Status Date Non-native:

Lebanon: collected June 23, 2012 (Crocetta et al. 2012)

Vectors and Spread

Initial Vector:

See details

Second Vector:

NF

Vector Details:

found on Lebanese coast; reached through the Suez Canal, vector not specified (Bitar 2014) Lebanon: first recorded 2012; most probable vector: alien spreading via Suez Canal; established (Crocetta et al. 2012)

Spread Rate:

NF

Date First Observed in Japan:

NF

Date First Observed on West coast North America:

NF

Impacts

Impact in Japan:

NF

Global Impact:

[Queensland, Australia] potential use in aquaculture operations to remediate prawn farm effluent; case study that assessed the silt loading tolerance of local bivalves found that D. folium had one of the highest tolerances, with 63% survival rate (Palmer & Rutherford 2002)

Tolerences

Native Temperature Regime:

Warm temperate, Subtropical, Tropical, See details

Native Temperature Range:

13.141 - 24.953 °C (Ocean Biogeographic Information System 2016) Hong Kong: max 26ºC in October and min 15ºC in Februarhy at bottom, though max 31ºC appears at surface in August. ( Gao et al. 2007, cited in Shin et al. 2012) Hong Kong: max 28.5ºC in summer and min 18.1ºC in winter. (Clark et al. 2003) Warm temperate, Subtropical, Tropical (M. Otani, pers. comm.)

Non-native Temperature Regime:

NF

Non-native Temperature Range:

NF

Native Salinity Regime:

Mesohaline, Polyhaline, Euhaline

Native Salinity Range:

34.767 - 35.493 PPS (Ocean Biogeographic Information System 2016) Hong Kong: 30-33psu thtought the year. ( Gao et al. 2007, cited in Shin et al. 2012) Hong Kong: max 34.0psu in dry period and min 10.0psu in wet period. (Clark et al. 2003)

Non-native Salinity Regime:

NF

Temperature Regime Survival:

Warm temperate, Subtropical, Tropical, See details

Temperature Range Survival:

13.141 - 24.953 °C (Ocean Biogeographic Information System 2016) Warm temperate, Subtropical, Tropical (M. Otani, pers. comm.)

Temperature Regime Reproduction:

Warm temperate, Subtropical, Tropical

Temperature Range Reproduction:

Warm temperate, Subtropical, Tropical (M. Otani, pers. comm.)

Salinity Regime Survival:

Euhaline

Salinity Range Survival:

34.767 - 35.493 PPS (Ocean Biogeographic Information System 2016)

Salintiy Regime Reproduction:

Polyhaline, Euhaline

Salinity Range Reproduction:

Euhaline (M. Otani, pers. comm.)

Depth Regime:

Upper intertidal, Mid intertidal, Lower intertidal, Shallow subtidal, Deep subtidal

Depth Range:

sample depth: 0-84 m (Ocean Biogeographic Information System 2016) [northern Beibu Gulf, South China Sea] collected from buoy platform at 20 m depth; collected from fixed oil platform at 3 - 37.5 m depths (Yan et al. 2006) [Malaysia] collected at 2-3 m depth (Lam & Morton 2009) found shallow, from sublittoral fringe to 8–10 m; may extend to 50 m on rocks (Lam & Morton 2009) [Ostrea folium (syonymized taxon)] [Pakistan] occurs at tidal height of 1.5 to 2.5 m (Siddiqui & Ahmed 2002) Attached to gorgonians by extending foot like processes from left valve at the depth of 5-30m. (Habe 1977, Okutani ed. 1991) Usually shallow sublittoral fringe to 8-10m; might extend to 50m on rocks. (Lam & Morton 2004) [As Dendostrea folia (Synonymized taxon)] 5-50m. (Higo et al. 1999) [As Dendostrea frons (Synonymized taxon)] Found less than 30m deep at rocky shore. (Hayami 2000)

Non-native Salinity Range:

Native Abundance:

Abundant

Reproduction

Fertilization Mode:

external

Reproduction Mode:

Gonochoristic/ dioecious

Spawning Type:

None

Development Mode:

Planktotrophic planktonic larva (feeding)

Asexual Reproduction:

Does not reproduce asexually

Reproduction Details:

External fertilization; gonochoristic/ dioecious; broadcast spawning; planktotrophic planktonic larva (feeding); does not reproduce asexually (M. Otani, pers. comm.) RELATED: [Crassostrea gigas] planktonic larvae spend approx. three weeks in a free-swimming phase. Once ready to settle, the larvae congregate and crawl over sea floor in search of a hard substratum to cement their lower shell valves to (NIMPIS 2002, cited in Global Invasive Species Database 2015) [Crassostrea gigas] C. gigas are protandric hermaphrodites; they first spawn as male, then switch to female; exhibit external fertilization: eggs and sperm are released, where fertilization takes place in the water column; spawning occurs during summer months. The planktonic larvae feed for three-four weeks before settling as spat. small percent survive this phase. (Port Stephens Fisheries Centre 2003, cited in Global Invasive Species Database 2015) [Crassostrea gigas] female discharges eggs up to 12 inches from body, forming milky white clouds; male discharges sperm. Fertilization is time dependent, must occur within 10-15 hours after spawning (Prince William Sound Regional Citizens' Advisory Council 2004, cited in Global Invasive Species Database 2015)

Adult Mobility:

Sessile

Adult Mobility Details:

attached to hard substrate (Lam & Morton 2009) [northern Beibu Gulf, South China Sea] sessile marine fouling organism (Yan et al. 2006) Attached to the substrata. (Including Higo et al. (1999), it is described in several papers cited here for D. f.)

Maturity Size:

RELATED: [Crassostrea gigas] Gonads can develop in C. g at 8 cm (National Research Council 2003, cited in NEMESIS 2015).

Maturity Age:

RELATED: [Crassostrea sp.] One year old oysters develop viable eggs and sperm (Matthiessen 2001, cited in NIMPIS 2015).

Reproduction Lifespan:

RELATED: [Bivalvia] Spawning occurs from early summer to autumn is common for bivalves are in temperate or tropical zone. (Sumikawa 1994)

Longevity:

NF

Broods per Year:

NF

Reproduction Cues:

RELATED: [Bivalvia] Among several reproduction cues including wave shock, the change of salinity, lunar age and tidal rhythm, the change of the water temperature is the most important factor. (Orton 1920 and etc., cited in Sumikawa 1994)

Reproduction Time:

Given the result by Shin et al. (2012), the change of coverage area and biomass by epifaunal organisms on artificial reef plates with the peak of their settlement in April may imply their reproductive season is in spring including D. f. RELATED: [Bivalvia] Spawning occurs from early summer to autumn is common for bivalves are in temperate or tropical zone. (Sumikawa 1994)

Fecundity:

NF

Egg Size:

NF

Egg Duration:

NF

Early Life Growth Rate:

NF

Adult Growth Rate:

NF

Population Growth Rate:

NF

Population Variablity:

NF

Habitat

Ecosystem:

Rocky subtidal, Oyster reef, Mussel reef, Fouling

Habitat Type:

Epibenthic, Epizoic

Substrate:

Rock, Biogenic, Artificial substrate

Exposure:

Exposed, Semi-exposed

Habitat Expansion:

NF

Habitat Details:

[Northern Beibu Gulf, South China Sea] fouling of artificial structures: collected from a buoy and a fixed oil platform in a marine fouling study  (Yan et al. 2006) [Malaysia] attached to rocks and to other living sessile bivalves; specimens collected were attached to the mussel Modiolus micropterus (Lam & Morton 2009) [Lebanon] found on ropes at low depth (Crocetta et al. 2012) [Australia] In a study on artificial reefs, D. folium covered more area on the artificial reef than on the natural reef (Walker & Schlacher 2014) [Ostrea folium (syonymized taxon)] [Pakistan] found on small boulders on the West Bay of Gwadar, on the coast of Balochistan; West Bay is unique as it has four species of oysters occurring on the same boulders; they occur at tidal height of 1.5 to 2.5 m (Siddiqui & Ahmed 2002) [Malaysia] [Travellers] D. folium attaches to living sessile bivalves; specimens collected were attached to the mussel Modiolus micropterus (Lam & Morton 2009) Attached to gorgonians by extending foot like processes from left valve at the depth of 5-30m. (Okutani ed. 1991) Found at rocky shore. (Inaba 1981, Hayami 2000) Attached to gorgonians and pearl culture rafts. (Habe 1977) Attached to rock or substrate; attachment area small to moderately large. (Lamprell & Healy 1998) Adhering to other shells. (Zhongyan ed. 2004) Kau Sai Bay where D. f. was found is a semi-enclosed embayment. (Shin et al. 2012) Exposed, Semi-exposed (M. Otani, pers. comm.)

Trophic Level:

Suspension feeder

Trophic Details:

RELATED: [Crassostrea gigas] Eats bacteria, protozoa, variety of diatoms, invertebrate larvae, and detritus (PWSRCAC 2004; cited in Global Invasive Species Database 2015) [Crassostrea gigas] Detritivore, sessile filter feeder; Can filter nannoplankton in addition to detritus and large phytoplankton, has larger access to food compared to native oyster O. lurida (Niesen 1997)

Forage Mode:

Non-selective

Forage Details:

Non-selective (M. Otani, pers. comm.)

Natural Control:

PARASITES [Parasites] [Australia] Five of 21 (23.8%) D. f. (Ostreidae) from Cone Bay were infected with Tylocephalum (Cestoda: Lecanicephalidea: Tetragonocephalidae). (Hine & Thorne 2000)

Associated Species:

PARASITES [Parasites] [Australia] Five of 21 (23.8%) D. f. (Ostreidae) from Cone Bay were infected with Tylocephalum (Cestoda: Lecanicephalidea: Tetragonocephalidae). (Hine & Thorne 2000)

References and Notes

References:

Bitar G (2014) Exotic molluscs from the Lebanese coast. Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France. 139(1/4):37-45. Invasive Species Compendium. http://www.cabi.org/isc/abstract/20153157203. Access Date: 13-Mar-2016 Clarke C, Hillard R, Junqueira AOR, Neto ACL, Polglaze J, Raaymakers S (2003) Ballast water risk assessment, Port of Sepetiba, Fedral Republic of Brazil. GloBallast Monograph Series 14: 1-63 + 7 Appendices. Crocetta F, Bitar G, Zibrowius H, Oliverio M (2013) Biogeographical homogeneity in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. II. Temporal variation in Lebanese bivalve biota. Aquatic Biology. 19(1):75. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Fabio_Crocetta/publication/249644487_Biogeographical_homogeneity_in_the_eastern_Mediterranean_Sea_II_Temporal_variation_in_Lebanese_bivalve_biota/links/00b4952a1ca817e04e000000.pdf Global Invasive Species Database http://www.issg.org/database/species/ecology.asp?si=797&fr=1&sts=&lang=EN. Access Date: 15-Dec-2015 and 27-April-2016 Habe T (1977) Systematics of Mollusca in Japan. Bivalvia and Scaphopoda. Hokuryukan Inc., Tokyo: 372pp. (in Japanese) Habe T (1981) A catalogue of molluscs of Wakayama Prefecture, the Province of Kii. I. Bivalvia, Scpaphoposa and Cephalopoda. The editorial commitiee of " a catalogure of molluscs of Wakayama Prefecture": 301pp. Hayami I (2000) Ostreidae. In: Marine Mollusks in Japan. Okutani T (ed.). Tokaidaigaku Shuppankai, Tokyo: 925-927. (in Japanese and English) Higo S, Callomon P, Goto Y (1999) Catalogue and bibliography of the marine shell-bearing mollusca of Japan. Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Polyplachophora, Scaphopoda. Shell Scientific Publications, Osaka: 748pp. Hine M & Thorne T (2000) survey of some parasites and diseases of several species of bivalve mollusc in northern Western Australia. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 40: 67-78. http://www.int-res.com/articles/dao/40/d040p067.pdf Inaba A (2004) Oysters in the world Part 2. Systematic description of the recent oysters. Bulletin of the Nishinomiya Shell Museum 3: 1-63. (in Japanese) Lam K & Morton B (2004) The oysters of Hong Kong (Bivalvia: Ostreidae and Gryphaeidae). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 52: 11-28. https://lkcnhm.nus.edu.sg/nus/pdf/PUBLICATION/Raffles%20Bulletin%20of%20Zoology/Past%20Volumes/RBZ%2052(1)/52rbz011-028.pdf Lamprell K & Healy J (1998) Bivalves of Australia Vol. 2. Backhuys Pubrishers, Leiden: 288pp. Okutani T ed. (1991) Classic illustrated encyclopedia of organisms. Molluks. Sekai-Bunkasha Inc., Tokyo: 399pp. (in Japanese) Palmer PJ, Rutherford BW (2002) Bivalves for the remediation of prawn farm effluent: identification of some potentially useful species in Southern Queensland. Project Report QO04018. Wastewater remediation options for prawn farms. Aquaculture Industry Development Initiative. 4:50-74. NEMESIS (2015) Fofonoff PW et al. (2003) National Exotic Marine and Estuarine Species Information System. http://invasions.si.edu/nemesis/browseDB/SpeciesSummary.jsp?TSN=79868. Access Date: 15-Dec-2015. Niesen T and Kunz ME (1997) Beachcomber's guide to marine life of the Pacific Northwest : Includes Vancouver, Washington, Oregon, and Northern California. Houston, Tex.: Gulf Pub. NIMPIS (2015) Crassostrea gigas, National Introduced Marine Pest Information System. http://data.daff.gov.au/marinepests/index.cfm?fa=main.spDetailsDB&sp=6000006921 Access Date: 17-Dec-2015 Shin PS, Gao Q, Cheung SG (2012) Nutrient assimilation by organisms on artificial reefs in a fish culture (Example of Hong Kong). In: Recent advances in fish farms, Aral F & Doğu Z (eds.). InTech: 41-60. http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs-wm/24072.pdf Siddiqui G, Ahmed M (2002) Oyster species of the sub tropical coast of Pakistan (northern Arabian Sea). Indian journal of marine sciences. 31(2):108-18. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ghazala_Siddiqui/publication/238675252_Oyster_species_of_the_sub_tropical_coast_of_Pakistan_(northern_Arabian_Sea)/links/54fe916a0cf2eaf210b34290.pdf Sumikawa S (1994) Reproduction. In: Handbook of Malacology Vol. 1. Habe T, Okutani T, Nishiwaki S (eds.), Scientist-sha Inc., Tokyo: 159-176. (in Japanese) Tan SK, Yeo RK (2010) The intertidal molluscs of Pulau Semakau: preliminary results of ‘Project Semakau’. Nature in Singapore. 3:287-96. http://lkcnhm.nus.edu.sg/nus/images/data/nature_in_singapore/online_journal/2010/2010nis287-296.pdf Walker SJ, Schlacher TA (2014) Limited habitat and conservation value of a young artificial reef. Biodiversity and conservation. 23(2):433-47. Wells FE, Slack-Smith SM, Bryce CW (2000) Molluscs of the Montebello Islands. Survey of the Marine Fauna of the Montebello Islands, Western Australia and Christmas Island, Indian Ocean. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 59:29-46. Yan T, Yan W, Dong Y, Wang H, Yan Y, Liang G (2006) Marine fouling of offshore installations in the northern Beibu Gulf of China. International biodeterioration & biodegradation. 58(2):99-105. Zhongyan Q (ed) (2004) Seashells of China. China Ocean Press, Beijing: 418pp.

Literature:

Limited information; expert opinion based on observational information or circumstantial evidence

Notes:

NA