Invasion History

First Non-native North American Tidal Record: 1904
First Non-native West Coast Tidal Record: 1904
First Non-native East/Gulf Coast Tidal Record:

General Invasion History:

Incisocalliope derzhavini was described from Petrov Island, Russia, in the Sea of Japan. Elsewhere in the Sea of Japan, it was collected on Ulleung Island, Korea (Kim and Kim 1991) and the west coast of Hokkaido. It has been reported from the northern Pacific coast of Japan, on Hokkaido and northern Honshu, but is not known from the southern coasts of Japan or Korea (Ishimaru 1984; Chapman 1988). On the West Coast of North America, I. derzhavini was first collected in 1904 in San Francisco Bay, California (CA) and is established from Puget Sound, WA to San Diego Bay, CA (Cohen et al. 1998; California Department of Fish and Wildlife 2014). Barnard (1959) described a subspecies, I. derzhavini makiki from Hawaii, which has been considered indistinguishable from the stem species and treated as an introduction (Ishimaru 1984; Chapman 1988; Carlton and Eldredge 2009), or as a separate, native species (Bousfield and Hendryks 1995, cited by Carlton and Eldredge 2009).

North American Invasion History:

Invasion History on the West Coast:

Incisocalliope derzhavini was collected near Oakland, California (CA), in San Francisco Bay in 1904 (Chapman 1988; USNM 235021, United States National Museum of Natural History 2007). In San Francisco Bay, it is frequently found among hydroids in fouling communities on floats and buoys in the central, South and San Pablo Bays. During dry/drought periods, it is found as far north as Collinsville in the Delta, over a salinity range of 6 to 32 PSU (Chapman 1988; Cohen and Carlton 1995). This amphipod was collected in Tomales Bay, CA in 1977 (Carlton 1979); Elkhorn Slough, CA in 1985 (Wasson et al. 2001); Coos Bay and Yaquina Bay, Oregon in 1986-1987 (Chapman 1988); Puget Sound, Washington in 1998 (Cohen et al. 1998); and Humboldt Bay, CA in 2000 (Boyd et al. 2002). The first collection in southern California may have been an amphipod identified as a new species, I. newportensis Barnard 1959, collected in Newport Bay in 1952. It was later re-identified by Barnard as Gnathopleustes pugettensis, but may have actually been I. derzhavini (Barnard and Reish 1959; Chapman 2007). Definite collections of I. derzhavini in Newport and San Diego Bays were made in 2011 (California Department of Fish and Wildlife 2014). Ballast water and hull fouling are considered the most likely vectors for the introduction of this amphipod.


Description

Incisocalliope derzhavini is a small estuarine-marine amphipod, usually associated with intertidal and subtidal fouling invertebrates. It is a member of the family Pleustidae, which includes commensals, egg predators, and parasites of larger invertebrates. However, I. derzhavini is not known to have specialized associations. Incisocalliope derzhavini has a laterally compressed, roughly football-shaped body with a downward-curved abdomen. Coxal plates 1 to 4 are ovoid, overlapping, and increase in size posteriorly, while coxae 5-7 are smaller and vary in shape. Pereiopods 5-7 have enlarged ovoid bases, maintaining the body's outline. The dorsal pereonites are not keeled or ridged. The rostrum is of moderate length, with a blunt apex. The head is small, with a black, circular eye, surrounded by large, clear ommatidia. The head has a lateral lobe extended forward, with a blunt apex. Antenna 1 is ~60% of the body length, while Antenna 2 is about 40% of body length.

In the family Pleustidae, the portion of the left mandible called the 'lacinia mobilis' is a critical characteristic. In I. derzhavini, it has 8 denticles (Ishimaru 1984). The maxilliped has 2-3 short, stout spines on the distal medial edge of the inner plate, compared to 4-5 in Gnathopleustes pugettensis. The segments of the palp of the maxilliped are also more elongated in I. derzhavini than in G. pugettensis (Chapman 1988). Gnathopod 2 is somewhat longer than gnathopod 1, both have long dactyls, with the palms lined with spines and setae. Uropod 2 is 85% as long as Uropod 1; Uropod 3 is 60% as long. Each uropod is biramous and lined with spines. The telson is small and oval. The sexes do not show major morphological differences. Adults are 3.5 to 7.4 mm long. This sescription is based on: Ishimaru 1984, Chapman 1988, Kim and Kim 1991, and Chapman 2007.


Taxonomy

Taxonomic Tree

Kingdom:   Animalia
Phylum:   Arthropoda
Subphylum:   Crustacea
Class:   Malacostraca
Subclass:   Eumalacostraca
Superorder:   Peracarida
Order:   Amphipoda
Suborder:   Gammaridea
Family:   Pleustidae
Genus:   Incisocalliope
Species:   derzhavini

Synonyms

Incisocalliope derzhavini (Bousfield and Hendryks, 1995)
Neopleustes derzhavini (Gurjanova, 1938)
Parapleustes derzhavini (Ishimaru, 1984)

Potentially Misidentified Species

Gnathopleustes pugettensis
Gnathopleustes pugettensis (Dana 1853) Northeast Pacific native

Incisocalliope aestuarius
Northwest Atlantic native, introduced to the Netherlands (Faasse and Van Moorsel 2004)

Incisocalliope makiki
It was described as a subspecies of I. derzhavini, but considered indinstinguishable by Ishimaru (1984) and Carlton and Eldredge (2009), who treated it as introduced to the Hawaiian islands. However, other sources (Bousfield and Hendryks 1995, cited by Carlton and Eldredge 2009; Integrated Taxonomic Information System 2015) consider I. makiki to be a full species, native to Hawaii.

Incisocalliope newportensis
Described from Newport Bay, doubtfully distinct from I. derzhavini.

Ecology

General:

Incisocalliope derzhavini has seperate sexes. Its young are brooded and development is direct (Bousfield 1973). One female contained 6 eggs (Kim and Kim 1991).

Based on its native range, from southern Pacific Russia, to South Korea and Japan, I. derzhavini tolerates a wide range of temperatures. In West Coast waters, I. derzhavini has been collected at salinities from 5.6-32 PSU (Chapman 1988). In Japan and Korea, this amphipod was collected from rocks and seaweeds, including Sargassum, Laminaria, and Leathesia spp. (Ishimaru 1984). In West Coast waters, I. derzhavini is closely associated with hydroids or bryozoans, often on artificial structures (Chapman 1988). It often occurs on marinas and docks, floats, and buoys (Chapman 1988), and was found in hull fouling on a retired ship in Suisun Bay (Llanso et al. 2011). Chapman (1988) suggests that I. derzhavini 's mouthparts are better suited for ectoparasitism than grazing.

Trophic Status:

Omnivore

Omni

Habitats

General HabitatCoarse Woody DebrisNone
General HabitatMarinas & DocksNone
General HabitatRockyNone
Salinity RangeMesohaline5-18 PSU
Salinity RangePolyhaline18-30 PSU
Salinity RangeEuhaline30-40 PSU
Tidal RangeSubtidalNone
Vertical HabitatEpibenthicNone


Tolerances and Life History Parameters

Minimum Salinity (‰)5.6Field data, San Francisco Bay (Chapman 1988)
Maximum Salinity (‰)32Field data, San Francisco Bay (Chapman 1988)
Minimum Length (mm)3.5Adult female, Japan (Ishimaru 1984)
Maximum Length (mm)7.4Adult female, Japan (Ishimaru 1984)
Broad Temperature RangeNoneCold temperate
Broad Salinity RangeNoneMesohaline-Euhaline

General Impacts

No impacts have been reported for Incisocalliope derzhavini on the West Coast.

Regional Distribution Map

Bioregion Region Name Year Invasion Status Population Status
P062 _CDA_P062 (Calleguas) 2015 Non-native Established
NEP-VI Pt. Conception to Southern Baja California 2011 Non-native Established
P040 Newport Bay 2011 Non-native Established
P130 Humboldt Bay 2000 Non-native Established
NEP-IV Puget Sound to Northern California 1986 Non-native Established
P080 Monterey Bay 1985 Non-native Established
P110 Tomales Bay 1977 Non-native Established
NEP-V Northern California to Mid Channel Islands 1904 Non-native Established
P093 _CDA_P093 (San Pablo Bay) 1904 Non-native Established
P090 San Francisco Bay 1904 Non-native Established
P020 San Diego Bay Non-native Established

Occurrence Map

OCC_ID Author Year Date Locality Status Latitude Longitude
697091 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-12 Ferry Terminal Pier Non-native 37.7945 -122.3917
697197 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-29 Mare Island Strait - Navy Non-native 38.1015 -122.2695
697313 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-11 Cal Maritime Academy/Vallejo Non-native 38.0661 -122.2299
697430 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-19 Newport Bay Harbor Entrance Non-native 33.5974 -117.8798
697584 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-29 Benicia Waterfront Non-native 38.0401 -122.1385
697698 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-13 Port Sonoma/Petaluma R. Non-native 38.1157 -122.5026
698039 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-28 Point Richmond Piers Non-native 37.9085 -122.3913
698083 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-29 San Mateo Bridge Non-native 37.5806 -122.2543
698266 Boyd et al. 2002 (Humboldt Bay Report) 2002 Hookton Slough Non-native 40.6775 -124.2218
698339 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-01 Loch Lomond Marina Area Non-native 37.9720 -122.4832
698417 Cohen et al. 2005 (SF Bay Area RAS) 2004 2004-05-25 Presidio Yacht Club, San Francisco Bay Non-native 37.8326 -122.4741
698514 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-14 Romberg Tiburon Center Non-native 37.8906 -122.4458
698653 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-08 Humboldt Chevron Pier Non-native 40.7781 -124.1962
699133 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-14 Paradise Cay Non-native 37.9146 -122.4776
699224 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-03 Treasure Island Non-native 37.8149 -122.3702
699338 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-15 San Pablo Bay Pumphouse Non-native 38.0446 -122.4326
699665 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-12 Pier 45 Non-native 37.8111 -122.4196
699776 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-30 Mare Island Strait - Marina Non-native 38.1051 -122.2667
699953 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-05-31 Dumbarton Bridge Non-native 37.5070 -122.1168
700040 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-12 Cruise Ship Pier Non-native 37.8085 -122.4060
700311 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-03 Berkeley Flats/Berkeley Pier Non-native 37.8600 -122.3256
700981 P. Slattery, pers. comm., in Wasson et al. 2001 2001 Elkhorn Slough General Location Non-native 36.8086 -121.7856
701107 Chapman 1988 1904 1904-10-06 Oakland Non-native 37.7866 -122.2654
701346 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-28 Santa Fe Channel - Back Non-native 37.9207 -122.3684
701453 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-30 Hercules Wharf Non-native 38.0231 -122.2928
702029 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-05-03 America's Cup Harbor Non-native 32.7239 -117.2240
702084 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-01 Corinthian Marina Non-native 37.8726 -122.4563
702334 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-01 Ayala Cove Non-native 37.8680 -122.4350
702707 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-12 Potrero Point Non-native 37.7521 -122.3790
703260 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-12 China Camp Non-native 38.0025 -122.4617
703440 Chapman 1988 1912 1912-05-27 South San Francisco Bay, Station 5782 Non-native 37.5958 -122.2910
703782 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-13 Hayward Landing Non-native 37.6447 -122.1543
703918 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-30 Rodeo Marina Non-native 38.0394 -122.2717
704183 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-28 Chevron Pier Non-native 37.9228 -122.4105
704430 J. Chapman, pers. comm., 1977, in Carlton 1979a 1970 Tomales Bay Non-native 38.2100 -122.9400
704472 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-29 Martinez Marina Non-native 38.0276 -122.1371
704533 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-30 Napa Valley Marina Non-native 38.2198 -122.3119
758548 Chapman 1988 1912 1912-08-02 Key Route Pier Non-native 37.8182 -122.3440
758549 Chapman 1988 1943 1943-03-20 Lighted Buoy No. 10, San Pablo Bay Non-native 38.0392 -122.3502
758550 Filice 1954b, 1958 1951 Point Edith, Suisun Bay Non-native 38.0538 -122.0704
758551 J. Chapman, pers. comm., 1977, in Carlton 1979a 1970 San Pablo Bay Non-native 38.0600 -122.3900
758552 Chapman 1988 1976 1976-04-02 NW end of Sears Point Bridge (Hwy 37), adjacent to Napa Val Fishing Resort. Non-native 38.0096 -122.2831
758553 Cohen and Chapman 2005 2005 2005-11-27 Buoy # 12 Non-native 37.9134 -122.4452
758554 Cohen and Chapman 2005 2005 2005-11-27 Buoy # 2 (CB) Non-native 37.8904 -122.4176
758555 Cohen and Chapman 2005 2005 2005-11-27 Buoy # 8 Non-native 38.0293 -122.3718
758556 Cohen and Chapman 2005 2005 2005-11-27 Dolphin # 11 Non-native 38.0530 -122.3307
758557 Cohen and Chapman 2005 2005 2005-11-27 Dumbarton Bridge (pylon) Non-native 37.5031 -122.1230
758558 Cohen and Chapman 2005 2005 2005-11-27 San Mateo Bridge (pylon) Non-native 37.5835 -122.2515
768139 Ruiz et al., 2015 2012 2012-09-06 Loch Lomond Marina, San Francisco Bay, CA, California, USA Non-native 37.9736 -122.4802
770912 Ruiz et al., 2021a 2017 2017-09-26 Oyster Point Marina, San Francisco Bay, California, USA Non-native 37.5869 -122.3237
777531 Ruiz et al., 2022 2015 2015-08-11 Coast Guard, Humboldt Bay, California, USA Non-native 40.7669 -124.2174
777658 Ruiz et al., 2022 2015 2015-07-23 Naval Base fiberglass dock, Port Hueneme, California, USA Non-native 34.1477 -119.2109

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