Invasion History

First Non-native North American Tidal Record: 1937
First Non-native West Coast Tidal Record: 1937
First Non-native East/Gulf Coast Tidal Record:

General Invasion History:

Watersipora subtorquata is an encrusting bryozoan widely distributed around the globe. Its native range is poorly understood because of taxonomic confusion with related species, particularly W. subovoidea, which it has been lumped with in older literature as 'W. cucullata' (Gordon 1989; Gordon and Mawatari 1992), or by treating W. subovoidea as a synonym of W. subtorquata (Seo 1999). This species was described from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Gordon 1989). We regard it as cryptogenic in the western Atlantic, where early records (e.g., Osburn 1914, Dry Tortugas; Osburn 1940, Puerto Rico) refer to W. cucullata, and where it has also been recorded as W. subovoidea (Winston 1982). In recent collections, it has been identified in Jamaica (Creary 2003), Puerto Rico (in 2007, Ruiz et al. unpublished data), and in Florida: Biscayne Bay (in 2004, Ruiz et al. unpublished data), Indian River Lagoon (in 2007, Ruiz et al. unpublished data), and Jacksonville (in 2002, Ruiz et al. unpublished data). This bryozoan also occurs in the Southwest Atlantic, on the west coast of South Africa (Florence et al. 2007, cited by Mead et al. 2011b). We also consider it cryptogenic in the Northwest Pacific, where it has been reported from the Sea of Japan and East China Sea coasts of South Korea, the Yellow Sea coast of Korea and China, and the Pacific coast of Japan (Tokyo Bay and southward) south to the Paracel Islands in the South China Sea (Seo 1999; Huang 2001).

In California, molecular surveys identified two clades of Watersipora subtorquata (Clades A and B), and an additional species (Watersipora n. sp.). Clade A is widely distributed globally, including Australia, New Zealand, and South Korea. Clade B is known from China and California (Mackie et al. 2012). In California, Clade A occurred from San Diego to Humboldt Bay, but was most abundant in southern and central-region harbors. Clade B occurred over the same range, but was usually less dominant, and was very spotty in the northern part of the range (Mackie et al. 2012).

Watersipora subtorquata has been introduced to the Northeast Pacific (1st record 1888, Gulf of California, and Cabo San Lucas to Puget Sound, Cohen and Carlton 1995; Cohen 2005; Ruiz et al. unpublished data), much of the coast of Australia (1st record 1950, Sydney Harbor, Winston 1977), New Zealand (1st Record 1983, Gordon and Mawatari 1992), and the Atlantic coast of France (1st Record 1973, d'Hondt 1984, cited by Ryland et al. 2009). This organism has a short planktonic stage (Gordon and Mawatari 1992; Cohen and Carlton 1995) suggesting that ship fouling is its likeliest mode of transport to most locations. However, its appearances in France appear related to culture of the Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) (Ryland et al. 2009).

North American Invasion History:

Invasion History on the West Coast:

Bryozoans of the Watersipora subtorquata complex have been introduced to the northeast Pacific (1st record 1888, Gulf of California, and Cabo San Lucas to Puget Sound, (Cohen and Carlton 1995; Cohen 2005; Ruiz et al. unpublished data). The invasion history of the Watersipora spp. on the west coast is murky, with conflicting molecular and morphological surveys. In California, molecular surveys identified two clades of Watersipora subtorquata (Clades A and B), and an additional species (Watersipora n. sp.). Clade A is widely distributed globally, including Australia, New Zealand, and South Korea. Clade B is known from China and California (Mackie et al. 2012). In California, Clade A occurred from San Diego to Humboldt Bay, but was most abundant in southern and central-region harbors. Clade B occurred over the same range, but was usually less dominant, and was very spotty in northern part of the range They found a third form, Watersipora n. sp., ranging from southern California to Puget Sound. This species has been named formally or described morphologically (Mackie et al. 2012). The molecularly defined species Clades A and B have not been studied morphologically and are unnamed as present. 
 
In a global survey of the genus Watersipora, Vieira et al. (2014) mapped three species on the West Coast, the well-defined W. arcuata, W. subatra, and the little-known W. atrofusca. Vieira et al. (2014) identified the well-defined W. arcuata and W. subatra, and W. atrofusca (known from Mexico and possibly southern California, little information available). Watersipora subatra ranges from Mexico to Puget Sound (Vieira et al. 2014; Ruiz et al. unpublished data). The 'true' W. suborquata was not shown on the West Coast of North America on Vieira et al.’s (2014) map. However, it has been found locally in Long Beach and other sites in southern California, but is less widespread (Linda McCann, personal communication).

Invasion History in Hawaii:

The earliest record for Watersipora subtorquata in Hawaii are specimens collected in 1966 in Pearl Harbor, and the Ala Wai Marina, near Honolulu, Oahu, in 1966 (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009). This bryozoan was collected on fouling plates in 2007 in Kaneohe Bay, Barbers Point Harbor, and several locations near Honolulu (Ruiz et al., unpublished data).

Invasion History Elsewhere in the World:

Since Watersipora subtorquata is a member of a complex of cryptic species, its native and introduced ranges are uncertain. Possible native regions include the tropical southwest Atlantic (type locality in Brazil), and the Indo-West Pacific (Vieira et al. 2014). It is found in many parts of the of the Mediterranean, from France to Egypt but the dates are unknown due to confusion with the native W. cucullata (Harmelin 2014; Vieira et al. 2014). In the eastern Atlantic, W. subtorquata was found in the Azores in 1888 (Chainho et al. 201), Madeira in 2006 (Canning-Clode et al. 2016), and South Africa (Florence et al. 2007; Mead et al. 2011). So far, specimens of Watersipora on the Atlantic coast of Europe (d'Hondt 1984; Ryland et al. 2009) have been identified or re-identified as W. subatra (Vieira et al. 2014). 

Watersipora subtorquata's occurrence in Europe was obscured by its confusion with W. subovoidea, but it was collected in the Bay of Arcachon, France on the Bay of Biscay in 1973 (d'Hondt 1984, cited by Ryland et al. 2009). It was collected again in the Bay of Arcachon in 2003, and in 1999–2007, found in many sites in Brittany and the Channel Islands (Ryland et al. 2009). Most of the collection sites were located near oyster-culture operations, and this species was most likely introduced to Europe with the Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) (Ryland et al. 2009). This bryozoan is also introduced on the west coast of South Africa (Florence et al. 2007, cited by Mead et al. 2011b).


Description

Watersipora subtorquata is an encrusting bryozoan, growing in single layers of flat substrates, but becomes multilamellar on rough substrates, and sometimes erect and leaf-like (foliaceous). Zooids are roughly elongate-rectangular, about twice as long as wide, being740–1,500 µm X 290–680 µm in size. The frontal shield is flat to slightly convex, perforated by numerous round pseudopores. Lateral-oral septulae (connecting the zooids) are absent. The orifice is slightly wider than the long, proximal edge, with a V-shaped or rounded sinus and approximately 130 x 260 (mean ~230) µm in size. It occupies less than 10% of the total zooid area with a well-defined proximal sinus demarcated by triangular condyles, ~55 × 115 µm (Ryland et al. 2009). The rim of the orifice has projecting proximo-lateral, and triangular condyles. The operculum has a dark central band and two lucida (transparent spots) adjacent to the condyles (Vieira et al. 2014). There are no oral spines or avicularia, and no ovicells. However, the zooids brood bright orange-red embryos internally. Colonies are orange to brownish-purple or black with dried or dead colonies becoming dark-orange or gray. (Description from Gordon and Mawatari 1992; Seo 1999; Ryland et al. 2009; Vieira et al. 2014). Colonies can become erect and leaf-like, with extensively overlapping calcareous crusts and curled edges. The crusts are often grayish black or dull orange, with bright orange (New Zealand) or purplish red (Korea) growing edges. The operculum is strongly pigmented with a dark, broad, biconcave band proximally, gradually spreading around paired clear areas. The polypides have orange lophophores 740 x 850 µm long, and 24 tentacles (Gordon 1989).  
 
NOTE: A recent revision of Watersipora taxonomy presented a drastic change in the nomenclature and worldwide biogeography of the genus. Vieira et al.'s (2014), map shows W. subtorquata as absent from the West Coast of North America and shows three species on the West Coast: W. subatraW. atrofusca, and W. arcuata, with W. subatra identified only from California and Pacific Mexico. Watersipora subtorquata is widely distributed in the tropical-subtropical Atlantic and Mediterranean, Red Sea, and Indo-West Pacific. Another previously identified species, W. subovoidea, has been abandoned and partially synonymized with an earlier name W. cucullata, a name until recently regarded as obsolete (Vieira et al. 2015). This worldwide revision of the genus is at odds with current molecular studies (Mackie et al. 2006; Mackie et al. 2012). Vieira et al.'s (2014) map includes only a small number of West Coast samples. A larger regional sample will be required to reconcile morphological and molecular taxonomy of Watersipora on the West Coast of North America. Until this is available, we will use the names W. subtorquata and Watersipora n. sp. in NEMESIS. 


Taxonomy

Taxonomic Tree

Kingdom:   Animalia
Phylum:   Bryozoa
Class:   Gymnolaemata
Order:   Cheilostomata
Suborder:   Ascophora
Family:   Watersiporidae
Genus:   Watersipora
Species:   subtorquata

Synonyms

Escharina torquata (d'Orbigny, 1542)
Watersipora cucullata (Marcus, 1937)
Watersipora subovoidea (d'Orbigny, 1852)

Potentially Misidentified Species

Watersipora subovoidea
Busk 1854. Now considered synonymous with W. cucullata. Described from the Mediterranean Sea, and largely distributed there (Vieira et al. 2014).

Watersipora arcuata
Banta 1969 Described from San Diego, where it was a recent introduction. Possibly native to tropical-subtropical East Pacific, introduced to Hawaii, Australia, and New Zealand (Banta 1969; Mackie et al. 2006; Mackie et al. 2012).

Watersipora atrofusca

Busk 1856. Reported only from Mazatlan, Mexico, and Califonria, little information available (Vieira et al. 2014).



Watersipora cucullata

Busk 1854, described from the Mediterranean Sea



Watersipora n. sp.
This newly identified, undescribed species is morphologically nearly identical to W. subtorquata but distinct at the molecular level (Mackie 2006; Mackie et al. 2012). So far, it is known only from California and South Korea.

Watersipora nigra

Described by Canu and Bassler 1930 as Pachycleithonia nigra from the Galapagos Islands, and moved into the genus Watersipora, by Vieira et al. (2014). It was not found in recent surveys (Carlton et al. 2019; Vieira et al. 2019).



Watersipora subatra

(d'Orbigny 1852) Described from the Aegean Sea. Re-described and redefined by Ryland et al. (2009). Watersipora subatra occurs in the Western Pacific from Japan to New Zealand as well as the West Coast.



Ecology

General:

Watersipora subtorquata is an encrusting, calcified bryozoan, composed of many individual zooids. The zooids feed by extending the ciliated tentacles of the lophophore as a funnel, creating a current and driving food particles into their mouths. The food is guided along the tentacles and through the pharynx by the cilia. Larger food particles can be moved or captured by flicking or contracting the tentacles (Barnes 1983). Watersipora subtorquata is known from pilings, rocks, shells, floats, oil platforms, ships' hulls, and fouling plates (Mackie et al. 2006; Page et al. 2006; Cohen and Zabin 2009; Ryland et al. 2009). 

 

Food:

Phytoplankton

Trophic Status:

Suspension Feeder

SusFed

Habitats

General HabitatCoarse Woody DebrisNone
General HabitatMarinas & DocksNone
General HabitatRockyNone
General HabitatVessel HullNone
General HabitatCoral reefNone
Salinity RangePolyhaline18-30 PSU
Salinity RangeEuhaline30-40 PSU
Tidal RangeSubtidalNone
Tidal RangeLow IntertidalNone
Vertical HabitatEpibenthicNone

Life History

Ecology- Watersipora arcuata is known from pilings, rocks, floats and ships' hulls (Banta 1969; Gordon and Mawatari 1992).


Tolerances and Life History Parameters

Minimum Temperature (ºC)6.7Field, based on coldest site in geographical range, Port Townsend WA (Zerebecki and Sorte 2011)
Maximum Temperature (ºC)30.6Field, based on warmest site in geographical range, Red Sea (Zerebecki and Sorte 2011)
Minimum Salinity (‰)25Field salinity (California) (Cohen 2005)
Maximum Salinity (‰)40Field salinity (Shark Bay, Western Australia) (Wyatt et al. 2005)
Minimum Duration0Larva- Cohen and Carlton 1995
Maximum Duration1Larva- Cohen and Carlton 1995
Broad Temperature RangeNoneWarm-Temperate-Tropical
Broad Salinity RangeNonePolyhaline-Euhaline

General Impacts

Watersipora subtorquata is an encrusting bryozoan widely distributed around the globe. Its colonies can be erect and leaf-like, with extensive overlapping calcareous crusts and curled edges, which create secondary habitat for the settlement of other marine invertebrates. Its native range is poorly understood because of taxonomic confusion with related species, particularly W. subatra. However, introduced populations have been recorded on the West coast of the United States, Hawaii, Australia, New Zealand, Europe, and South Africa. This species is known from rocks, oyster shells, pilings, floats, oil platforms, ships' hulls, and fouling plates. It is tolerant of copper and mercury antifouling paints and has outcompeted congeneric species in some areas of its introduced range.  

Economic Impacts Shipping and Boating- Watersipora spp. have long been known to be tolerant of copper and mercury in antifouling paint (Allen 1953; Ryland 1971; Piola and Johnston 2006). Their hard encrusting colonies are tolerant of moving water, and their colonies also provide non-toxic points of attachment for other organisms, allowing a diverse fouling community to develop (Floerl et al. 2004), which can adversely affect the speed and efficiency of ships. McKenzie et al. (2011) found that colonies from different sites varied in copper tolerance, and that tolerance was heritable in cultures. Colonies that produced large larvae tended to be more copper-tolerant (McKenzie et al. 2011).  

Ecological Impacts Competition- In New Zealand, W. subtorquata (arriving in 1983) quickly replaced W. arcuata at most locations (Gordon and Mawatari 1992). In Port Phillip Bay, Victoria, Australia W. subtorquata (arriving in 1976) also became the dominant Watersipora species (Keough and Ross 1999). In southern California, W. subtorquata was as of 2000–2003 the dominant or only form at several sites (Oceanside Harbor, Alamitos Bay, King Harbor; Geller et al. 2008 where W. arcuata was previously predominant (Banta 1969). Geller et al. (2008) suggest that W. subtorquata may be more competitive than W. arcuata in warm-temperate climates and may be expected to extend its range northward as the climate warms. Watersipora subtorquata was one of a group of seven non-native species in Bodega Harbor, most of which were rare or absent in 1970–1971 but were among the eight most abundant species in 2006. Spawning periods and abundance of species in this group appeared to be favored by a 1°C increase in average temperatures at this site over a 30-year period (Sorte and Stachowicz 2011).  

Habitat Change- Watersipora subtorquata colonies provide habitat for other organisms. Its colonies often develop elevated leaf-like folds rising above the substrate, creating additional space for colonization by other organisms. In Bodega Harbor, Geller et al. 2008 found where morphologically identical species (either W. subtorquata or Watersipora n. sp.) had more than 10% cover on fouling plates, native diversity was correlated with exotic diversity, as both groups of organisms occupied the expanded area (Sellheim et al. 2010). On the hulls of ships, and other surfaces treated with antifouling paints, W. subtorquata is often the only species able to settle, and its colonies provide surfaces on which more sensitive organisms can settle (Floerl et al. 2004). 


Regional Impacts

NEP-VIPt. Conception to Southern Baja CaliforniaEcological ImpactCompetition
In southern California, W. subtorquata is now (2000-2003) the dominant or only form at several sites (Oceanside Harbor, Alamitos Bay, King Harbor; Geller et al. 2008) where W. arcuata was previously dominant (Banta 1969). Geller et al. (2008) suggest that W. subtorquata may be more competitive than W. arcuata in warm-temperate climates, and may be expected to extend its range northward as the climate warms. Experimental clearing and routine cleaning of oil platforms favored increased abundance of Watersipora subatra, recruitng in the cleared area (Viola et al. 2018). Viola et al. (2018) suggest the retention of oil platforms as artificial reefs could favor W. subatra. Removal of the upper portions of the platforms might reduce their potential as a source for coastal populations of the bryozoan.
P023_CDA_P023 (San Louis Rey-Escondido)Ecological ImpactCompetition
In southern California, W. subtorquata is now (2000-2003) the dominant or only form at several sites (Oceanside Harbor, Alamitos Bay, King Harbor; Geller et al. 2008) where W. arcuata was previously dominant (Banta 1969). Geller et al. (2008) suggest that W. subtorquata may be more competitive than W. arcuata in warm-temperate climates, and may be expected to extend its range northward as the climate warms.
P050San Pedro BayEcological ImpactCompetition
In southern California, W. subtorquata is now (2000-2003) the dominant or only form at several sites (Oceanside Harbor, Alamitos Bay, King Harbor; Geller et al. 2008) where W. arcuata was previously dominant (Banta 1969). Geller et al. (2008) suggest that W. subtorquata may be more competitive than W. arcuata in warm-temperate climates, and may be expected to extend its range northward as the climate warms.
P060Santa Monica BayEcological ImpactCompetition
In southern California, W. subtorquata is now (2000-2003) the dominant or only form at several sites (Oceanside Harbor, Alamitos Bay, King Harbor; Geller et al. 2008) where W. arcuata was previously dominant (Banta 1969). Geller et al. (2008) suggest that W. subtorquata may be more competitive than W. arcuata in warm-temperate climates, and may be expected to extend its range northward as the climate warms.
P065_CDA_P065 (Santa Barbara Channel)Ecological ImpactCompetition
Experimental clearing and routine cleaning of oil platforms favored increased abundance of Watersipora subatra, recruitng in the cleared area (Viola et al. 2018). Viola et al. (2018) suggest the retention of oil platforms as artificial reefs could favor W. subatra. Removal of the upper portions of the platforms might reduce their potential as a source for coastal populations of the bryozoan.
CACaliforniaEcological ImpactCompetition
In southern California, W. subtorquata is now (2000-2003) the dominant or only form at several sites (Oceanside Harbor, Alamitos Bay, King Harbor; Geller et al. 2008) where W. arcuata was previously dominant (Banta 1969). Geller et al. (2008) suggest that W. subtorquata may be more competitive than W. arcuata in warm-temperate climates, and may be expected to extend its range northward as the climate warms., In southern California, W. subtorquata is now (2000-2003) the dominant or only form at several sites (Oceanside Harbor, Alamitos Bay, King Harbor; Geller et al. 2008) where W. arcuata was previously dominant (Banta 1969). Geller et al. (2008) suggest that W. subtorquata may be more competitive than W. arcuata in warm-temperate climates, and may be expected to extend its range northward as the climate warms., In southern California, W. subtorquata is now (2000-2003) the dominant or only form at several sites (Oceanside Harbor, Alamitos Bay, King Harbor; Geller et al. 2008) where W. arcuata was previously dominant (Banta 1969). Geller et al. (2008) suggest that W. subtorquata may be more competitive than W. arcuata in warm-temperate climates, and may be expected to extend its range northward as the climate warms., Experimental clearing and routine cleaning of oil platforms favored increased abundance of Watersipora subatra, recruitng in the cleared area (Viola et al. 2018). Viola et al. (2018) suggest the retention of oil platforms as artificial reefs could favor W. subatra. Removal of the upper portions of the platforms might reduce their potential as a source for coastal populations of the bryozoan.

Regional Distribution Map

Bioregion Region Name Year Invasion Status Population Status
P095 _CDA_P095 (Tomales-Drakes Bay) 2015 Non-native Established
NEP-V Northern California to Mid Channel Islands 2015 Non-native Established
P058 _CDA_P058 (San Pedro Channel Islands) 2001 Non-native Established
P040 Newport Bay 2001 Non-native Established
P027 _CDA_P027 (Aliso-San Onofre) 2001 Non-native Established
P062 _CDA_P062 (Calleguas) 2001 Non-native Established
P065 _CDA_P065 (Santa Barbara Channel) 2001 Non-native Established
P050 San Pedro Bay 2000 Non-native Established
P023 _CDA_P023 (San Louis Rey-Escondido) 2000 Non-native Established
P030 Mission Bay 2000 Non-native Established
P023 _CDA_P023 (San Louis Rey-Escondido) 2000 Non-native Established
P020 San Diego Bay 1997 Non-native Established
P030 Mission Bay 1989 Non-native Established
P060 Santa Monica Bay 1972 Non-native Established
P050 San Pedro Bay 1964 Non-native Established
P064 _CDA_P064 (Ventura) 1963 Non-native Established
NEP-VI Pt. Conception to Southern Baja California 1937 Non-native Established

Occurrence Map

OCC_ID Author Year Date Locality Status Latitude Longitude
716635 Boyd et al. 2002 2002 Eureka Public Marina Non-native 40.8031 -124.1785
716642 Cohen et al. 2005 2004 2004-05-24 Coast Guard Island Marina, San Francisco Bay Non-native 37.7812 -122.2458
716643 Cohen et al. 2005 2004 2004-05-25 Presidio Yacht Club, San Francisco Bay Non-native 37.8326 -122.4741
716644 Cohen et al. 2005 2004 2004-05-23 Brisbane Lagoon, San Francisco Bay Non-native 37.6862 -122.3906
716646 de Rivera et al. 2005 2003 Kirby Park, Elkhorn Slough Non-native 36.8410 -121.7463
716648 de Rivera et al. 2005; Mackie et al. 2006 2003 Santa Cruz Harbor Non-native 36.9658 -122.0016
716655 de Rivera et al. 2005 2004 Ventura West Marina Non-native 34.2464 -119.2611
716660 Cohen et al. 2002 2000 2000-08-29 Marina del Rey Non-native 33.9722 -118.4522
716663 Cohen et al. 2002 2000 2000-08-24 Cabrillo Beach Boat Ramp Non-native 33.7134 -118.2839
716669 Cohen et al. 2002 2000 2000-08-28 Snug Harbor Marina Non-native 33.1478 -117.3322
716672 Cohen et al. 2002 2000 2000-08-26 Chula Vista Boat Ramp Non-native 32.6211 -117.1031
716673 de Rivera et al. 2005 2003 Sunroad Marina, San Diego Bay Non-native 32.7263 -117.1922
754999 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-09-11 Bodega Bay Epifaunal 02 Non-native 38.3293 -123.0552
755000 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-09-11 Bodega Bay Epifaunal 03 Non-native 38.3293 -123.0552
755001 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-09-11 Bodega Bay Epifaunal 04 Non-native 38.3293 -123.0552
755002 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-09-11 Bodega Bay Epifaunal 05 Non-native 38.3293 -123.0552
755003 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-09-11 Bodega Bay Epifaunal 06 Non-native 38.3317 -123.0571
755004 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-09-11 Bodega Bay Epifaunal 07 Non-native 38.3317 -123.0571
755005 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-09-11 Bodega Bay Epifaunal 08 Non-native 38.3317 -123.0571
755006 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-09-11 Bodega Bay Epifaunal 09 Non-native 38.3317 -123.0571
755007 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-09-13 Morro Bay Epifaunal 04 Non-native 35.3644 -120.8549
755008 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-09-13 Morro Bay Epifaunal 05 Non-native 35.3644 -120.8549
755009 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-09-13 Morro Bay Epifaunal 07 Non-native 35.3644 -120.8549
755010 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-09-13 Morro Bay Epifaunal 09 Non-native 35.3644 -120.8549
755011 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-09-13 Morro Bay Epifaunal 11 Non-native 35.3644 -120.8549
755012 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-09-13 Port Hueneme Infaunal 15 Non-native 34.1481 -119.2064
755013 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-09-14 Port Hueneme Infaunal 23 Non-native 34.1478 -119.2102
755014 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-10-25 Monterey Harbor Epifaunal 01 Non-native 36.6032 -121.8920
755015 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-10-25 Monterey Harbor Epifaunal 02 Non-native 36.6034 -121.8907
755016 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-10-25 Monterey Harbor Epifaunal 04 Non-native 36.6039 -121.8896
755017 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-10-25 Monterey Harbor Epifaunal 05 Non-native 36.6090 -121.8933
755018 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-10-25 Moss Landing Harbor Epifaunal 01 Non-native 36.8040 -121.7861
755019 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-10-25 Moss Landing Harbor Epifaunal 03 Non-native 36.8028 -121.7850
755020 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-11-08 Port Hueneme Epifaunal 02 Non-native 34.1497 -119.2100
755021 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-11-08 Port Hueneme Epifaunal 03 Non-native 34.1516 -119.2067
755022 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-11-08 Port Hueneme Epifaunal 04 Non-native 34.1468 -119.2119
755023 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-11-08 Port Hueneme Epifaunal 05 Non-native 34.1462 -119.2102
755024 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-11-08 Port Hueneme Epifaunal 06 Non-native 34.1487 -119.2016
755025 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-11-08 Port Hueneme Epifaunal 07 Non-native 34.1477 -119.2042
755026 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-11-08 Port Hueneme Epifaunal 08 Non-native 34.1486 -119.2057
755027 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-11-08 Port Hueneme Epifaunal 11 Non-native 34.1537 -119.2106
755028 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2000 2000-11-08 Port Hueneme Epifaunal 19 Non-native 34.1499 -119.2099
755029 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-09 Santa Barbara Epifaunal 01 Non-native 34.4045 -119.6920
755030 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-09 Santa Barbara Epifaunal 02 Non-native 34.4048 -119.6936
755031 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-09 Santa Barbara Epifaunal 03 Non-native 34.4067 -119.6889
755032 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-09 Santa Barbara Epifaunal 05 Non-native 34.4068 -119.6910
755033 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-10 Channel Islands Harbor Epifaunal 01 Non-native 34.1742 -119.2271
755034 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-10 Channel Islands Harbor Epifaunal 02 Non-native 34.1811 -119.2319
755035 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-10 Channel Islands Harbor Epifaunal 03 Non-native 34.1735 -119.2298
755036 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-10 Channel Islands Harbor Epifaunal 04 Non-native 34.1642 -119.2260
755037 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-10 Channel Islands Harbor Epifaunal 05 Non-native 34.1739 -119.2236
755038 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-10 Channel Islands Harbor Epifaunal 06 Non-native 34.1757 -119.2234
755039 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-11 Los Angeles Epifaunal 01 Non-native 33.7348 -118.2478
755040 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-11 Los Angeles Epifaunal 03 Non-native 33.7684 -118.2782
755041 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-11 Los Angeles Epifaunal 04 Non-native 33.7655 -118.2529
755042 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-11 Los Angeles Epifaunal 05 Non-native 33.7648 -118.2424
755043 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-11 Marina Del Rey Epifaunal 02 Non-native 33.9828 -118.4467
755044 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-11 Marina Del Rey Epifaunal 03 Non-native 33.9703 -118.4494
755045 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-11 Marina Del Rey Epifaunal 04 Non-native 33.9760 -118.4460
755046 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-12 Huntington Harbour Epifaunal 01 Non-native 33.7128 -118.0543
755047 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-12 Huntington Harbour Epifaunal 02 Non-native 33.7175 -118.0658
755048 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-12 Huntington Harbour Epifaunal 03 Non-native 33.7283 -118.0601
755049 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-07-12 Huntington Harbour Epifaunal 04 Non-native 33.7278 -118.0787
755050 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-01 Avalon Harbor Epifaunal 02 Non-native 33.3442 -118.3225
755051 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-01 Avalon Harbor Epifaunal 03 Non-native 33.3485 -118.3260
755052 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-14 Dana Point Epifaunal 01 Non-native 33.4615 -117.7031
755053 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-14 Dana Point Epifaunal 02 Non-native 33.4599 -117.7025
755054 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-14 Dana Point Epifaunal 03 Non-native 33.4613 -117.6995
755055 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-14 Dana Point Epifaunal 04 Non-native 33.4590 -117.6991
755056 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-14 Dana Point Epifaunal 05 Non-native 33.4592 -117.6941
755057 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-14 Oceanside Epifaunal 01 Non-native 33.2118 -117.3951
755058 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-14 Oceanside Epifaunal 02 Non-native 33.2104 -117.3960
755059 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-14 Oceanside Epifaunal 04 Non-native 33.2087 -117.3949
755060 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-14 Oceanside Epifaunal 06 Non-native 33.2052 -117.3908
755061 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-15 Newport Beach Epifaunal 03 Non-native 33.6094 -117.8958
755062 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-15 Newport Beach Epifaunal 04 Non-native 33.6085 -117.9202
755063 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-15 Newport Beach Epifaunal 06 Non-native 33.6154 -117.9022
755064 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-15 Newport Beach Epifaunal 07 Non-native 33.6193 -117.8933
755065 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-16 Long Beach Epifaunal 02 Non-native 33.7477 -118.1975
755066 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-16 Long Beach Epifaunal 03 Non-native 33.7628 -118.2145
755067 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-16 Long Beach Epifaunal 04 Non-native 33.7709 -118.2113
755068 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-16 Long Beach Epifaunal 05 Non-native 33.7766 -118.2107
755069 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-08-16 Long Beach Epifaunal 06 Non-native 33.7697 -118.2283
755070 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-09-18 Humboldt Bay Epifaunal 04 Non-native 40.7294 -124.2199
755071 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-09-18 Humboldt Bay Epifaunal 05 Non-native 40.7784 -124.1959
755072 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-09-18 Humboldt Bay Epifaunal 07 Non-native 40.7976 -124.1862
755073 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-09-18 Humboldt Bay Epifaunal 08 Non-native 40.8039 -124.1767
755074 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-09-18 Humboldt Bay Epifaunal 09 Non-native 40.8074 -124.1666
755075 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-09-19 Tomales Bay Epifaunal 01 Non-native 38.1078 -122.8624
755076 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-09-19 Tomales Bay Epifaunal 03 Non-native 38.1511 -122.8887
755077 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-09-19 Tomales Bay Epifaunal 04 Non-native 38.1996 -122.9219
755078 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-10-09 Bulk Carrier Terminal Non-native 32.6969 -117.1526
755079 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-10-09 Chula Vista Marina Non-native 32.6225 -117.1023
755080 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-10-09 Marine Terminal (Paco) Non-native 32.6584 -117.1191
755081 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-10-09 San Diego Bay Commercial Fishing Fleet Non-native 32.7109 -117.1739
755082 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-10-10 America's Cup Harbor Non-native 32.7239 -117.2240
755083 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-10-10 Harbor Island Marina Non-native 32.7266 -117.2128
755084 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-10-10 Mission Bay Epifaunal 02 Non-native 32.7933 -117.2226
755085 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-10-10 Mission Bay Epifaunal 03 Non-native 32.7619 -117.2357
755086 ISS 2000-2002 Survey Data 2001 2001-10-10 Shelter Island Marina Non-native 32.7180 -117.2255
755087 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-02-09 Pin Rock Non-native 33.4275 -118.5071
755088 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-06-07 Aquatic Park Non-native 37.8080 -122.4216
755089 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-06-07 Crissy Field Non-native 37.8059 -122.4566
755090 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-06-07 Fort Point Non-native 37.8095 -122.4761
755091 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-06-07 Port of Oakland Office Non-native 37.7954 -122.2804
755092 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-06-08 Oakland Outer Harbor Non-native 37.8217 -122.3145
755093 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-06-08 Sea Plane Lagoon Non-native 37.7761 -122.2998
755094 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-06-08 Yerba Buena Non-native 37.8146 -122.3712
755095 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-06-09 McNears Beach Non-native 37.9962 -122.4556
755096 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-06-09 Point Cavallo Non-native 37.8319 -122.4737
755097 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-06-09 Richardson Bay Non-native 37.8588 -122.4798
755098 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-07-06 Coyote Point Non-native 37.5920 -122.3210
755099 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-07-07 Tiburon Non-native 37.8883 -122.4445
755100 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-07-08 Richmond Marina Non-native 37.9137 -122.3504
755101 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-08-19 Ayala Cove Non-native 37.8680 -122.4350
755102 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-08-25 Central Basin Non-native 37.7643 -122.3863
755103 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-08-25 China Basin Non-native 37.7780 -122.3881
755104 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-08-25 Ferry Terminal Pier Non-native 37.7945 -122.3917
755105 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-08-25 Potrero Point Non-native 37.7521 -122.3790
755106 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-09-07 Redwood Creek - Marina Non-native 37.5021 -122.2130
755107 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-09-07 Redwood Creek - Shipping Non-native 37.5120 -122.2109
755108 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-09-08 Cruise Ship Pier Non-native 37.8085 -122.4060
755109 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-09-08 Pier 39 Non-native 37.8108 -122.4086
755110 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-09-08 Pier 45 Non-native 37.8111 -122.4196
755111 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-09-08 Saint Francis Yacht Harbor Non-native 37.8066 -122.4463
755112 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-09-08 Treasure Island Non-native 37.8149 -122.3702
755113 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-09-09 Coyote Point Marina Non-native 37.5905 -122.3177
755114 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-09-09 San Mateo Bridge Non-native 37.5806 -122.2543
755115 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-09-09 Sierra Point Marina Non-native 37.6740 -122.3792
755116 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-10-04 Berkeley Marina Non-native 37.8676 -122.3172
755117 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-10-04 Oakland Inner Harbor - Shipping cranes Non-native 37.7947 -122.3095
755118 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-10-04 Oakland Outer Harbor Non-native 37.8217 -122.3145
755119 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-10-05 Coast Guard Island Non-native 37.7812 -122.2457
755120 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-10-05 Oakland Inner Harbor - Small marinas Non-native 37.7847 -122.2669
755121 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-10-05 Port of Oakland Office Non-native 37.7954 -122.2804
755122 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-10-05 Sea Plane Lagoon Non-native 37.7761 -122.2998
755123 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-10-06 Chevron Pier Non-native 37.9228 -122.4105
755124 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-10-06 Point Richmond Piers Non-native 37.9085 -122.3913
755125 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-10-06 Richmond Marina Non-native 37.9137 -122.3504
755126 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-10-21 Ayala Cove Non-native 37.8680 -122.4350
755127 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-10-21 Corinthian Marina Non-native 37.8726 -122.4563
755128 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-10-21 Paradise Cay Non-native 37.9146 -122.4776
755129 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-10-21 Richardson Bay Non-native 37.8588 -122.4798
755130 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-10-21 Romberg Tiburon Center Non-native 37.8906 -122.4458
755131 Introduced Species Study 2005 2005-11-16 Alcatraz Non-native 37.8253 -122.4223
755132 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-25 CIYC Guest Slip Non-native 34.1641 -119.2255
755133 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-25 Commercial Fishing Dock Non-native 34.1696 -119.2285
755134 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-25 Fancy Slip Non-native 34.1741 -119.2235
755135 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-25 Private Dock Non-native 34.1798 -119.2297
755136 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-26 Alpha Wharf Non-native 34.1528 -119.2101
755137 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-26 Commercial Fishing Fleet Dock Non-native 34.1482 -119.2020
755138 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-26 Commercial Wharf Non-native 34.1478 -119.2077
755139 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-26 Wharf 4 Non-native 34.1500 -119.2100
755140 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-26 Wharf 5 Non-native 34.1516 -119.2072
755141 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-26 Wharf Charlie Non-native 34.1532 -119.2095
755142 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-27 Front South Non-native 34.4067 -119.6889
755143 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-27 Harbor Entrance Non-native 34.4069 -119.6913
755144 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-27 Wharf Charlie Non-native 34.4047 -119.6937
755145 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-27 SB Yacht Harbor Non-native 34.4045 -119.6919
755146 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-28 Coast Guard Pier Non-native 35.3707 -120.8585
755147 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-28 Derelict Boat Non-native 35.3589 -120.8524
755148 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-28 Morro Bay Boat Launch Ramp Non-native 35.3577 -120.8510
755149 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-28 Morro Bay Boat Yard Non-native 35.3570 -120.8492
755150 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-07-28 Morro Bay Commercial Fishing Dock Non-native 35.3691 -120.8552
755151 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-08 Aquaculture Floats Non-native 40.8285 -124.1648
755152 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-08 Humboldt Chevron Pier Non-native 40.7781 -124.1962
755153 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-08 Parking Lot With Pallets Stacked Non-native 40.7977 -124.1860
755154 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-09 Dilapidated Dock Area Non-native 40.7291 -124.2198
755155 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-09 Eureka Boat Launch Non-native 40.8040 -124.1766
755156 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-09 Wooden Structure Debris Non-native 40.7233 -124.2232
755157 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-09 Wood-loading/Barge Dock Non-native 40.7327 -124.2192
755158 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-10 Tomales Bay Boat Launch Non-native 38.1991 -122.9220
755159 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-10 Tony's Place Non-native 38.1466 -122.8832
755160 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-11 Marina Near Chevron Dock Non-native 38.3321 -123.0585
755161 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-11 NE Corner of Bay Non-native 38.3340 -123.0511
755162 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-11 SE Side of Bay Non-native 38.3258 -123.0410
755163 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-11 Slip In A Harbor Non-native 38.3295 -123.0565
755164 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-21 LA/Long Beach Cruise Ship Pier Non-native 33.7446 -118.2762
755165 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-21 Loading Dock at Bumper Pad #51 Non-native 33.7410 -118.2746
755166 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-21 Slip D-50 Non-native 33.7165 -118.2801
755167 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-22 Backside of Working Container Ship Pier Non-native 33.7667 -118.2774
755168 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-22 Draw Bridge Non-native 33.7645 -118.2428
755169 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-22 LA/Long Beach Coast Guard Pier Non-native 33.7233 -118.2685
755170 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-22 Port of Los Angeles Clock Tower Non-native 33.7540 -118.2697
755171 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-22 Yacht Haven Marina Non-native 33.7655 -118.2528
755172 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-23 ITS Terminal Non-native 33.7483 -118.1973
755173 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-23 Long Beach Downtown Marina - ISS Non-native 33.7594 -118.1866
755174 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-23 Patriot Environmental Non-native 33.7767 -118.2105
755175 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-23 Super Mexico Pier Non-native 33.7708 -118.2113
755176 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-23 Under the Bridge Non-native 33.7697 -118.2284
755177 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-24 Near Huntington Launch Ramp Non-native 33.7279 -118.0786
755178 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-24 Private Beach Non-native 33.7175 -118.0659
755179 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-24 Pump-A-Head Dock Non-native 33.7026 -118.0542
755180 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-24 Yellow Condos Non-native 33.7283 -118.0602
755181 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-25 Marina del Rey Harbor Entrance Non-native 33.9702 -118.4496
755182 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-25 Northern Corner of Harbor Non-native 33.9830 -118.4465
755183 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-25 Overnight Guest Dock Non-native 33.9761 -118.4461
755184 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-08-25 Vessel Assist Dock Non-native 33.9783 -118.4569
755185 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-09-12 Dana Inn Marina Non-native 32.7671 -117.2362
755186 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-09-12 Hilton Resort Dock Non-native 32.7788 -117.2127
755187 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-09-12 Santa Barbara Cove Non-native 32.7774 -117.2484
755188 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-09-12 Seaforth Non-native 32.7621 -117.2365
755189 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-09-12 Ski Islands Marina Non-native 32.7939 -117.2232
755190 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-09-13 Guest Dock Non-native 33.2091 -117.3947
755191 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-09-13 Middle Harbor Yacht Slip Non-native 33.2106 -117.3960
755192 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-09-13 Oceanside Commercial Fishing Dock Non-native 33.2057 -117.3897
755193 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-09-14 Back Bay Marina Non-native 33.6194 -117.8933
755194 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-09-14 Balboa Coves Non-native 33.6213 -117.9364
755195 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-09-14 Balboa North Channel Non-native 33.6097 -117.8957
755196 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-09-14 Lido Peninsula Non-native 33.6082 -117.9195
755197 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-09-14 Newport Bay Harbor Entrance Non-native 33.5974 -117.8798
755198 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-09-15 Dana Point Harbor Mouth Slip Non-native 33.4594 -117.6941
755199 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-09-15 East of Bridge Non-native 33.4591 -117.6992
755200 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-09-15 Ocean Institute Dock Non-native 33.4622 -117.7063
755201 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-09-15 Small Boat Slip Non-native 33.4605 -117.7020
755202 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-10-10 Casino Point/Fuel Dock Non-native 33.3483 -118.3265
755203 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-10-10 Pleasure Pier Non-native 33.3440 -118.3247
755204 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-10-10 The Tuna Club Non-native 33.3461 -118.3268
755205 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-11-01 B-Dock Non-native 36.8027 -121.7851
755206 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-11-01 Middle of the Slough Non-native 36.8112 -121.7793
755207 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-11-01 MLML Small Boats Non-native 36.8041 -121.7860
755208 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-11-01 North Harbor/Boat Launch Non-native 36.8128 -121.7880
755209 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-11-01 The Steelhead/MBARI Bridge Non-native 36.8005 -121.7877
755210 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-11-02 Breakwater Cove Marina Non-native 36.6090 -121.8936
755211 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-11-02 Fisherman's Wharf near Monterey Fish Company Non-native 36.6039 -121.8895
755212 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-11-02 Harbormaster Launch Ramp Non-native 36.6023 -121.8907
755213 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-11-02 Monterey Private Slip Non-native 36.6034 -121.8905
755214 Introduced Species Study 2006 2006-11-02 Monterey Yacht Harbor Non-native 36.6077 -121.8928
755215 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-01 Sierra Point Marina Non-native 37.6740 -122.3792
755216 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-02 Ballena Bay Non-native 37.7661 -122.2834
755217 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-02 Coast Guard Island Non-native 37.7812 -122.2457
755218 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-02 Oakland Inner Harbor - Shipping cranes Non-native 37.7947 -122.3095
755219 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-02 Port of Oakland Office Non-native 37.7954 -122.2804
755220 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-03 Berkeley Marina Non-native 37.8676 -122.3172
755221 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-03 Treasure Island Non-native 37.8149 -122.3702
755222 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-13 Coyote Point Non-native 37.5920 -122.3210
755223 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-14 Aquatic Park Non-native 37.8080 -122.4216
755224 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-28 Point Richmond Piers Non-native 37.9085 -122.3913
755225 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-28 Santa Fe Channel - Back Non-native 37.9207 -122.3684
755226 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-06-28 Santa Fe Channel - Front Non-native 37.9101 -122.3644
755227 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-01 Ayala Cove Non-native 37.8680 -122.4350
755228 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-01 Corinthian Marina Non-native 37.8726 -122.4563
755229 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-01 Loch Lomond Marina Area Non-native 37.9720 -122.4832
755230 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-01 Richardson Bay Non-native 37.8588 -122.4798
755231 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-12 Cruise Ship Pier Non-native 37.8085 -122.4060
755232 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-12 Ferry Terminal Pier Non-native 37.7945 -122.3917
755233 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-12 Pier 45 Non-native 37.8111 -122.4196
755234 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-12 Potrero Point Non-native 37.7521 -122.3790
755235 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-12 Saint Francis Yacht Harbor Non-native 37.8066 -122.4463
755236 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-13 Ayala Cove Non-native 37.8680 -122.4350
755237 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-14 Paradise Cay Non-native 37.9146 -122.4776
755238 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-14 Point San Pablo Yacht Harbor Non-native 37.9643 -122.4185
755239 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-07-14 Romberg Tiburon Center Non-native 37.8906 -122.4458
755240 Introduced Species Study 2010 2010-11-05 Alcatraz Non-native 37.8253 -122.4223
755241 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-05 Coast Guard Pier Non-native 35.3707 -120.8585
755242 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-05 Morro Bay Boat Launch Ramp Non-native 35.3577 -120.8510
755243 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-05 Morro Bay Boat Yard Non-native 35.3570 -120.8492
755244 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-06 Harbor Entrance Non-native 34.4069 -119.6913
755245 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-06 Radon Corner Non-native 34.4047 -119.6937
755246 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-07 CIYC Guest Slip Non-native 34.1641 -119.2255
755247 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-07 Commercial Fishing Dock Non-native 34.1696 -119.2285
755248 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-07 Private Dock Non-native 34.1798 -119.2297
755249 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-08 Commercial Fishing Fleet Dock Non-native 34.1482 -119.2020
755250 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-08 Wharf 4 Non-native 34.1500 -119.2100
755251 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-19 Balboa Coves Non-native 33.6213 -117.9364
755252 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-19 Near Huntington Launch Ramp Non-native 33.7279 -118.0786
755253 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-19 Newport Bay Harbor Entrance Non-native 33.5974 -117.8798
755254 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-19 Pump-A-Head Dock Non-native 33.7026 -118.0542
755255 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-20 Fuel Depot Non-native 33.7440 -118.2358
755256 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-20 LA/Long Beach Coast Guard Pier Non-native 33.7233 -118.2685
755257 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-20 Loading Dock at Bumper Pad #51 Non-native 33.7410 -118.2746
755258 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-20 Slip D-50 Non-native 33.7165 -118.2801
755259 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-21 Backside of Working Container Ship Pier Non-native 33.7667 -118.2774
755260 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-21 Draw Bridge Non-native 33.7645 -118.2428
755261 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-21 Long Beach Downtown Marina - ISS Non-native 33.7594 -118.1866
755262 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-21 Super Mexico Pier Non-native 33.7708 -118.2113
755263 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-22 Marina del Rey Harbor Entrance Non-native 33.9702 -118.4496
755264 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-04-22 NW Corner of Harbor Non-native 33.9830 -118.4564
755265 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-05-03 America's Cup Harbor Non-native 32.7239 -117.2240
755266 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-05-03 Marine Terminal (Paco) Non-native 32.6584 -117.1191
755267 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-05-03 San Diego Bay Cruise Ship Terminal Non-native 32.7168 -117.1759
755268 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-05-04 Dana Inn Marina Non-native 32.7671 -117.2362
755269 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-05-04 Hilton Resort Dock Non-native 32.7788 -117.2127
755270 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-05-04 Seaforth Non-native 32.7621 -117.2365
755271 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-05-04 Ski Islands Marina Non-native 32.7939 -117.2232
755272 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-05-05 Dana Point Harbor Mouth Slip Non-native 33.4594 -117.6941
755273 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-05-05 Middle Harbor Yacht Slip Non-native 33.2106 -117.3960
755274 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-05-05 Ocean Institute Dock Non-native 33.4622 -117.7063
755275 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-05-05 Oceanside Commercial Fishing Dock Non-native 33.2057 -117.3897
755276 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-05-06 Ferry Terminal Docks Non-native 33.3442 -118.3225
755277 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-05-06 The Tuna Club Non-native 33.3461 -118.3268
755278 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-05-16 Breakwater Cove Marina Non-native 36.6090 -121.8936
755279 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-05-16 Fisherman's Wharf near Monterey Fish Company Non-native 36.6039 -121.8895
755280 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-05-16 Harbormaster Launch Ramp Non-native 36.6023 -121.8907
755281 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-06-02 Golden Hinde Small Marina Non-native 38.1078 -122.8623
755282 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-06-03 NE Corner of Bay Non-native 38.3340 -123.0511
755283 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-06-03 SE Side of Bay Non-native 38.3258 -123.0410
755284 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-06-06 Tomales Bay Boat Launch Non-native 38.1991 -122.9220
755285 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-06-21 B-Dock Non-native 36.8027 -121.7851
755286 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-06-21 Middle of the Slough Non-native 36.8112 -121.7793
755287 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-06-29 Aquaculture Floats Non-native 40.8285 -124.1648
755288 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-06-29 Dilapidated Dock Area Non-native 40.7291 -124.2198
755289 Introduced Species Study 2011 2011-06-29 Eureka Boat Launch Non-native 40.8040 -124.1766
758250 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-04-26 America's Cup Harbor Non-native 32.7239 -117.2240
758251 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-04-26 Bulk Carrier Terminal Non-native 32.6969 -117.1526
758252 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-04-26 Harbor Island Marina Non-native 32.7266 -117.2128
758253 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-04-26 San Diego Bay Commercial Fishing Fleet Non-native 32.7109 -117.1739
758254 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-04-26 San Diego Bay Cruise Ship Terminal Non-native 32.7168 -117.1759
758255 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-04-26 SIO Nimitz Marine Facility Non-native 32.7078 -117.2368
758256 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-04-26 Shelter Island Marina Non-native 32.7180 -117.2255
758257 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-04-27 Chula Vista Marina Non-native 32.6225 -117.1023
758258 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-04-27 Coronado Cays Non-native 32.6274 -117.1329
758259 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-04-27 Coronado Wharf Non-native 32.6992 -117.1684
758260 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-04-27 Derelict Graveyard Non-native 32.6477 -117.1269
758261 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-04-27 Glorietta Bay Non-native 32.6796 -117.1740
758262 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-04-27 Kelco Dock Non-native 32.6927 -117.1470
758263 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-04-27 Marine Terminal (Paco) Non-native 32.6584 -117.1191
758264 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-06-28 Ballast Point Non-native 32.6861 -117.2348
758265 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-06-28 Navy - 28th St. Non-native 32.6836 -117.1311
758266 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-06-28 Navy - Carrier Base Non-native 32.7062 -117.1886
758267 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-06-28 Navy - Seventh St. Non-native 32.6699 -117.1212
758268 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-06-29 America's Cup Harbor Non-native 32.7239 -117.2240
758269 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-06-29 Bulk Carrier Terminal Non-native 32.6969 -117.1526
758270 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-06-29 Coronado Cays Non-native 32.6274 -117.1329
758271 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-06-29 Kelco Dock Non-native 32.6927 -117.1470
758272 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-06-29 Marine Terminal (Paco) Non-native 32.6584 -117.1191
758273 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-06-29 San Diego Bay Commercial Fishing Fleet Non-native 32.7109 -117.1739
758274 Maloney et al. 2007 2005 2005-06-29 Switzer Creek Non-native 32.7043 -117.1615
758275 Wasson et al. 2001 (Elkhorn Slough Survey) 1998 Elkhorn Slough Station 2 (Moss Landing Harbor) Non-native 36.8019 -121.7854
758276 Wasson et al. 2001 (Elkhorn Slough Survey) 1998 Elkhorn Slough Station 3 (Skipper's) Non-native 36.8104 -121.7863
758277 Wasson et al. 2001 (Elkhorn Slough Survey) 1998 Elkhorn Slough Station 4 (Vierra's, just SE of Hwy 1 bridge) Non-native 36.8090 -121.7841
758278 Wasson et al. 2001 (Elkhorn Slough Survey) 1998 Elkhorn Slough Station 5 (South Marsh Trail, near footbridge) Non-native 36.8193 -121.7378
758279 Wasson et al. 2001 (Elkhorn Slough Survey) 1998 Elkhorn Slough Station 6 (Whistlestop Lagoon) Non-native 36.8230 -121.7417
758280 de Rivera et al. 2005 2003 Seaforth Marina, Mission Bay Non-native 32.7630 -117.2373
758281 de Rivera et al. 2005 2003 Chula Vista Marina, San Diego Bay Non-native 32.6244 -117.1038
758282 de Rivera et al. 2005 2004 Vintage Marina, Oxnard Non-native 34.1715 -119.2288
758283 de Rivera et al. 2005 2003 Monterey Marina Non-native 36.6092 -121.8920
758284 de Rivera et al. 2005 2003 Moss Landing, North Non-native 36.8136 -121.7878
758285 de Rivera et al. 2005 2003 Moss Landing, South Non-native 36.8016 -121.7853
758286 de Rivera et al. 2005 2003 North Marsh Non-native 36.8346 -121.7384
758287 de Rivera et al. 2005 2003 Vierra Non-native 36.8111 -121.7783
758288 de Rivera et al. 2005 2004 Mason's Marina Non-native 38.3321 -123.0588
758289 de Rivera et al. 2005 2004 Porto Bodega Marina Non-native 38.3344 -123.0526
758290 Boyd et al. 2002 2002 Fields Landing Channel HB, St. 40 Non-native 40.7348 -124.2203
758291 Cohen et al. 2002 2000 2000-08-28 Seaforth Landing Non-native 32.7644 -117.2381
758292 Cohen et al. 2002 2000 2000-08-24 Watchorn Basin Non-native 33.7203 -118.2764
758293 Cohen et al. 2002 2000 2000-08-24 Newmark's Yacht Harbor Non-native 33.7644 -118.2497
758294 Cohen et al. 2005 2004 2004-05-23 Sierra Point Marina, San Francisco Bay Non-native 37.6732 -122.3807
758295 Cohen et al. 2005 2004 2004-05-26 Richmond Marina Boat Ramp, San Francisco Bay Non-native 37.9139 -122.3542
758296 Cohen et al. 2005 2004 2004-05-27 Coyote Point Marina, San Francisco Bay Non-native 37.5907 -122.3180
758297 Cohen et al. 2005 2004 2004-05-24 Fruitvale Bridge, San Francisco Bay Non-native 37.7690 -122.2296
819201 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2015) 2012 San Leandro None 37.6580 -122.2217
819202 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2015) 2012 Redwood City None 37.5574 -122.1755
819203 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2015) 2012 Coyote Point None 37.5987 -122.3252
819204 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2015) 2012 None None
819205 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2015) 2012 Corte Madera None 37.9309 -122.4819
819206 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2015) 2012 Oyster Point None 37.6805 -122.3731
819207 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2015) 2012 Richardson Bay None 37.8788 -122.4759
819208 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2015) 2012 Emeryville None 37.8596 -122.3152
819209 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2015) 2012 Ballena Isle None 37.7643 -122.2978
819410 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2018) 2015 Fairhaven terminal None 40.7842 -124.1983
819411 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2018) 2015 Eureka marina None 40.8026 -124.1810
819412 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2018) 2015 Schneider dock None 40.7992 -124.1848
819413 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2018) 2015 Redwood marine terminal None 40.8078 -124.1869
819414 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2018) 2015 Woodley island None 40.8097 -124.1538
819415 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2018) 2015 Sierra pacific None 40.8155 -124.1822
819416 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2018) 2015 Redwood chip export None 40.7999 -124.1915
819417 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2018) 2015 US Coast guard None 40.7750 -124.2090
819418 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2018) 2015 Forest products None 40.7304 -124.2193
819419 Ruiz GM and JB Geller (2018) 2015 Fields landing None 40.7378 -124.2218

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