Invasion
Invasion Description
1st Record: CA/San Francisco Bay (1st planting 1869, Collins 1892, cited by Carlton 1979). A few scattered spawnings were seen, but no sustained reproduction. The fishery was dependent on seed shipped from the Atlantic Coast, sometime between 1900 and 1915, growth rates and quality of oysters raised in San Francisco Bay began to decrease, and production in California shifted to other bays (Barrett 1963; Carlton 1979).
Geographic Extent
CA/San Francisco Bay (1st planting 1869, Collins 1892, cited by Carlton 1979; numerous plantings, some settlement observed, 1870s to 1890, fishery was dependent on seed shipped from Atlantic Coast, fishery ceased by 1930s, Carlton 1979); Point San Bruno beds/CA/South San Francisco Bay (1872, Barrett 1963); Millbrae beds/CA/South San Francisco Bay (1874, Barrett 1963); North Belmont beds/CA/South San Francisco Bay (1877, Barrett 1963); South Belmont beds/CA/South San Francisco Bay (1877, Barrett 1963); Dumbarton Point beds/CA/South San Francisco Bay (1884, Barrett 1963)
Vectors
| Level | Vector |
|---|---|
| Probable | Oyster Intentional |
Regional Impacts
| Ecological Impact | Parasite/Predator Vector | |
While C. virginica has not become established in West Coast o Bay waters, Eastern Oyster introductions have been a probable/possible vector for many fouling organisms and predators including Cliona sp. (boring sponges) and other sponges, polychaetes [Alitta (=Neanthes succinea, Nereis), Streblospio benedicti], slippershells (Crepidula convexa, C. plana), Atlantic Oyster Drill (Urosalpinx cinerea), tube-dwelling amphipods (Ampelisca, Ampithoe, Monocorophium spp.) and tunicates (Botryllus schlosseri, Molgula manhattensis) (Carlton 1979; Cohen and Carlton 1995). | ||