Invasion History

First Non-native Panama (Caribbean) Tidal Record: 2015

Panama Invasion History:


Invasion history elsewhere in the world:


Description

Rock Oysters of the genus Saccostrea are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the Indo-Pacific region. Their taxonomy is difficult- at times they have been considered forms of S. cucullata (Hooded Oyster, Natal Rock Oyster).. Individuals vary greatly in size and shape, according to substrate and other environmental factors (Poutiers 1998; Lam and Morton 2006). Genetic studies indicate that there multiple species and species complexes of Saccostrea, some of which are widespread, and some geographically confined. Genetic studies of mitochondrial DNA indicate that there are at least 5 species (A-E) within S. cuccullata (Lam and Morton 2006. Populations of Saccostrea belonging to the S. cucullata complex have been found in the Caribbean. They are clearly introduced but cannot be assigned to a species until the systematics of the genus are better resolved (Lohan et al. 2016).


Taxonomy

Taxonomic Tree

Kingdom:   Animalia
Phylum:   Mollusca
Class:   Bivalvia
Subclass:   Pteriomorphia
Order:   Ostreoida
Family:   Ostreidae
Genus:   Saccostrea
Species:   cucullata complex

Synonyms

Ostrea cucullata (Born, 1776)
Ostrea cornucopiae (Chemnitz, 1785)
Ostrea cornucopiaeformis (Saville-Kent, 1893)
Ostrea echinata (Quoy and Gaimard, 1835)
Ostrea forskaelii (Chemnitz, 1785)
Osteea forskalli (Gmelin, 1791)
Ostrea spinosa (Deshayes, 1836)
Crassostrea cucullata ((Born), 1776)

Potentially Misidentified Species

Saccostrea glomerata
Saccostrea glomerata =Saccostrea commercialis (Sydney Rock Oyster) has been often synonymized with S. cuccullata, but appears to be genetically and geographically distinct, limited to southern Australia (Lam and Morton 2006).

Saccostrea kegaki
Saccostrea kegaki has been synonymized with S. cuccullata, but is genetically and geographically distinct, and limited to Australia (Lam and Morton 2006).

Saccostrea mordax A
Saccostrea mordax has been often synonymized with S. cuccullata, but appears to be 2 species, genetically and geographically distinct from each other and S. cucculata.Australia. Both S. mordax A and B have wide ranges from China to Australia (Lam and Morton 2006).

Saccostrea mordax B
Saccostrea mordax has been often synonymized with S. cuccullata, but appears to be 2 species, genetically and geographically distinct from each other and S. cucculata. Both S. mordax A and B have wide ranges from China to Australia (Lam and Morton 2006).

Saccostrea palmula
Saccostrea palmula is native to the tropical West Pacific (Lohan et al. 2016)

Ecology

General:

Food:

Phytoplankton, detritus

Competitors:

other oysters

Trophic Status:

Suspension Feeder

SusFed

Habitats

General HabitatOyster ReefNone
General HabitatMarinas & DocksNone
General HabitatRockyNone
General HabitatMangrovesNone
General HabitatCoral reefNone
Salinity RangePolyhaline18-30 PSU
Salinity RangeEuhaline30-40 PSU
Tidal RangeSubtidalNone
Tidal RangeLow IntertidalNone
Tidal RangeMid IntertidalNone
Vertical HabitatEpibenthicNone

Life History


Tolerances and Life History Parameters

Minimum Temperature (ºC)4.8Experimental (Davenport and Wong 1992)
Maximum Temperature (ºC)40Experimental (Davenport and Wong 1992)
Minimum Reproductive Temperature25Experimental (Kalyasundaram and Ramamoorthi 1986)
Maximum Reproductive Temperature35Experimental (Kalyasundaram and Ramamoorthi 1986)
Minimum Reproductive Salinity20Experimental (Kalyasundaram and Ramamoorthi 1986)
Maximum Reproductive Salinity35Experimental (Kalyasundaram and Ramamoorthi 1986)
Maximum Length (mm)200More usually to 100 mm (Poutiers et al. 1998)
Broad Temperature RangeNoneWarm temperate-Tropical
Broad Salinity RangeNonePolyhaline-Euhaline

General Impacts


Regional Distribution Map

Bioregion Region Name Year Invasion Status Population Status
PAN_CAR Panama Caribbean Coast 2015 Def Estab

Occurrence Map

OCC_ID Author Year Date Locality Status Latitude Longitude

References

Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 2002-2024a Malacology Collection Search. <missing URL>



Appeltans, W. et al. 2011-2015 World Registry of Marine Species. <missing URL>



Ardura, A.; Gonzalez-Sanz, A. ; Clusa, L. ; Planes, S.; Garcia-Vazquez, E. (2021) Beware of oysters. Rapid advance of non-native species in tropical Pacific islands, Marine Environmental Research 170(105436): Published online

Ardura, Alba; Zaiko, Anastasija; Martinez, Jose L.; Samulioviene, Aurelija; Semenova, Anna; Garcia-Vazquez, Eva (2015) eDNA and specific primers for early detection of invasive species- A case study on the bivalve Rangia cuneata, currently spreading in Europe, Marine Environmental Research 112: 48-55

Carlton, James T.; Eldredge, Lucius (2009) Marine bioinvasions of Hawaii: The introduced and cryptogenic marine and estuarine animals and plants of the Hawaiian archipelago., Bishop Museum Bulletin in Cultural and Environmental Studies 4: 1-202

Coles S. L., DeFelice R. C., Eldredge, L. G. (1999a) Nonindigenous marine species introductions in the harbors of the south and west shores of Oahu, Hawaii., Bishop Museum Technical Report 15: 1-212

Coles, S. L.; DeFelice, R. C.; Eldredge, L. G.; Carlton, J. T. (1999b) Historical and recent introductions of non-indigenous marine species into Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaiian Islands., Marine Biology 135(1): 147-158

Davenport, John; Wong, Tat Meng (1991) Effects of temperature and aerial exposure on three tropical oyster species, Crassotrea belcheri, Crassotrea iredelei, and Saccostrea cuccullata, Journal of Thermal Biology 17(3): 135-139

Eldredge, L.G. (1994) Perspectives in aquatic exotic species management in the Pacific Islands Vol. I. Introductions of commercially significant aquatic organisms to the Pacific islands, South Pacific Commission. Inshore Fisheries Research Project, Technical Document 7: 1-127

Faasse, Marco (2012) The exotic isopod Synidotea in the Netherlands and Europe, A Japanese or American invasion (Pancrustacea: Isopoda)?, Nederlandse Faunistiche Mededelingen 108: 103-106

Galvao, Márcia Santos Nunes; Alves, Pedro Mestre Ferreira; Hilsdorf, Alexandre Wagner Silva (2017) First Record of the Saccostrea oysrer in Bertioga, Brazil, Boletim do Instituto del Pesca, Sao Paulo 43(4): 638-646

Hamaguchi, Masami; Shimabukuro, Hiromori; Usuki, Hironori; Hori, Masakazu (2014) Occurrences of the Indo-West Pacific rock oyster Saccostrea cucullata in mainland Japan, Marine Biodiversity Records 7: e84

Haupt, Tanya M.; Griffiths, Charles L.; Robinson, Tamara B.; Tonin, Antonio F. G.; De Bruyn, Paul A. (2010) The history and status of oyster exploitation and culture in South Africa, Journal of Shellfish Research 29(1): 151-159

Kalyanasundaram, M.; Ramamoorthi, K. (1986) Temperature and salinity requirements for embyronic development of Saccostrea cucullata (Born), Mahasagar 19(1): 53-55

Klinbunga, S.; Ampayup, P.; Tassanakajon, A.; Jarayabhand, P.; Yoosukh, W. (2001) Genetic diversity and molecular markers of cupped oysters (genera Crassostrea, Saccostrea, and Striostrea) in Thailand revealed by randomly amplified polymorphic dna analysis, Marine Biotechnology 3: 133-144

Lam, Katherine; Morton, Brian (2006) Morphological and mitochondrial-DNA analysis of the Indo-West Pacific rock oysters (Ostreidae: Saccostrea species), Journal of Molluscan Studies 72: 235-245

Lam, Katherine; Morton, Brian (2009) Oysters (Bivalvia: Ostrreidae and Gryphaeidae) from Malaysia and Singapore, Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 57(2): 481-494

Liu, Wenliang; Liang, Xiaoli ; Zhu, Xiaojing (2015) A new record and mitochondrial identification of Synidotea laticauda Benedict, 1897 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Valvifera: Idoteidae) from the Yangtze Estuary, China, Zootaxa 4294: 371-380

Lohan, Katrina M. Pagenkopp; Hill-Spanik, Kristina M.; Torchin, Mark E.; Aguirre-Macedo, Leopoldina ; Fleischer, Robert C.; Ruiz, Gregory M. (2016) Richness and distribution of tropical oyster parasites in two oceans, Parasitology Published online: <missing location>

Lohan, Katrina M. Pagenkopp; Hill-Spanik, Kristina M.; Torchin, Mark E; Strong, Ellen E.; Fleischer, Robert C.; Ruiz, Gregory M. (2015) Molecular phylogenetics reveals first record and invasion of Saccostrea species in the Caribbean, Marine Biology 162(5): 957-968

Pestana, Lueji Barros; Dias, Gustavo Muniz; Marquesa, Antonio Carlos (2017) A century of introductions by coastal sessile marine invertebrates in Angola, South East Atlantic Ocean, Marine Pollution Bulletin 125: 426-a432

Poutiers, J. M. (1998) The living marine resources of the western Central Pacific. Volume 1: Seaweeds, corals, bivalves and gastropods, 1 Food and Agricultural Organization, Rome, Italy. Pp. 123-362

Siddiqui, Ghazala, Amed, Muzammel (2002) Oyster species of the sub tropical coast of Pakistan (northern Arabian Sea), Indian Journal of Marine Science 31(2): 108-118

Soors, Jan; Faasse, Marco; Stevens, Maarten; Verbessem, Ingrid; De Regge, Nico;Van den Bergh, Ericia (2010) New crustacean invaders in the Schelde estuary (Belgium), Belgian Journal of Zoology 140: 3-10

Sukumar, P. ; Joseph, M. Mohan (1988) The First Indian Fisheries Forum, Proceedings. Asian Fisheries Society. Indian Branch, Asian Fisheries Society, Mangaluru, India. Pp. 207-210.

Trigo, Juan; Rolan, Emilio (2010) [Saccostrea cuccullata (Born, 1778) in the Iberian Peninsula], Noticario de la Sociedad Espaniola de Malacologie 54: 53

U.S. National Museum of Natural History 2002-2021 Invertebrate Zoology Collections Database. http://collections.nmnh.si.edu/search/iz/